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The Dutch retail electricity market

机译：荷兰零售电力市场

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摘要

This paper examines market structure, regulation, and market performance of the Dutch electricity retail market for households since its opening in 2004. Using data containing monthly prices for all products offered in the Dutch retail electricity markets over the period 2008-2014, we provide quantitative results on the intensity of retail competition and the benefits to consumers. Regulation of the retail electricity market is relatively intensive and encompasses structural measures, contractual restrictions, rules on information provision, price surveillance and market monitoring. In contrast to most other countries, the Dutch regulation includes a kind of price regulation which is that the regulator surveys all new retail prices before market introduction in order to prevent too high retail prices. The Dutch retail electricity market has remained relatively concentrated, with retailers offering an increasing variety of retail products, often using multiple brands. Competition is characterized by product innovation, especially for green energy, rather than price competition on homogenous products. Gross retail margins remain relatively high, as is price dispersion across retailers. The market matured, as evidenced by fewer consumer complaints and higher switching rates.
机译：本文研究了自2004年开放以来荷兰家庭用电零售市场的市场结构，监管和市场绩效。使用包含2008-2014年间荷兰零售用电市场所有产品每月价格的数据，我们提供了定量数据在零售竞争的激烈程度和给消费者带来的利益方面取得成果。电力零售市场的监管相对密集，包括结构性措施，合同限制，信息提供规则，价格监控和市场监控。与大多数其他国家相比，荷兰法规包括一种价格法规，该法规是为了防止零售价格过高，该法规在市场引入之前对所有新零售价格进行调查。荷兰的零售电力市场仍然相对集中，零售商提供的零售产品种类越来越多，通常使用多个品牌。竞争的特点是产品创新，特别是绿色能源的创新，而不是同质产品的价格竞争。零售毛利率保持相对较高，零售商之间的价格分散也是如此。市场逐渐成熟，消费者投诉减少和转换率提高证明了这一点。

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