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Efficient, equitable and sustainable energy policy in a small open economy: Concepts and assessments

机译：小型开放经济体中的高效，公平和可持续的能源政策：概念和评估

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摘要

This study aims to develop three broadly defined concepts of designing and evaluating energy policy of a small open economy, namely, efficiency, equity, and sustainability which are applied to Singapore. By analysing the historical energy and economic data and examining energy policies and programs implemented, this study finds that (1) energy intensity improves over time and three strategies employed to improve energy efficiency - tariffs, deregulation and setting energy standards - are found to have some positive effects. (2) A utility rebate programme is implemented and revised continuously to achieve equity in energy consumption across Singapore households. (3) By the weak concept of sustainability, Singapore is considered marginally sustainable. Institutional, technological and market-based approaches are being implemented to increase energy efficiency, improve energy equity and secure sustainability.
机译：这项研究旨在发展三个广泛定义的概念，用于设计和评估小型开放经济体的能源政策，即适用于新加坡的效率，公平性和可持续性。通过分析历史能源和经济数据并检查已实施的能源政策和计划，本研究发现（1）能源强度随着时间的推移而提高，并且发现三种用于提高能源效率的策略-关税，放松管制和制定能源标准-具有一定的意义。积极的影响。 （2）实施并不断修订公用事业折扣计划，以实现新加坡家庭能源消耗的公平。 （3）由于可持续性的概念较弱，因此新加坡被视为微弱的可持续性。正在实施以机构，技术和市场为基础的方法，以提高能源效率，改善能源公平性并确保可持续性。

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