...
  • 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Energy Policy >The costs of the French nuclear scale-up: A case of negative learning by doing
【24h】

The costs of the French nuclear scale-up: A case of negative learning by doing

机译：法国扩大核能的成本：一个边做边学的案例

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

The paper reviews the history and the economics of the French PWR program, which is arguably the most successful nuclear-scale up experience in an industrialized country. Key to this success was a unique institutional framework that allowed for centralized decision making, a high degree of standardization, and regulatory stability, epitomized by comparatively short reactor construction times.rnDrawing on largely unknown public records, the paper reveals for the first time both absolute as well as yearly and specific reactor costs and their evolution over time. Its most significant finding is that even this most successful nuclear scale-up was characterized by a substantial escalation of real-term construction costs. Conversely, operating costs have remained remarkably flat, despite lowered load factors resulting from the need for load modulation in a system where base-load nuclear power plants supply three quarters of electricity.rnThe French nuclear case illustrates the perils of the assumption of robust learning effects resulting in lowered costs over time in the scale-up of large-scale, complex new energy supply technologies. The uncertainties in anticipated learning effects of new technologies might be much larger that often assumed, including also cases of "negative learning" in which specific costs increase rather than decrease with accumulated experience.
机译：本文回顾了法国压水堆计划的历史和经济学，可以说这是工业化国家最成功的核规模升级经验。该成功的关键在于独特的制度框架，该框架允许集中决策，高度标准化和监管稳定性，而反应堆的建造时间相对较短。rn在很大程度上未知的公共记录中，该论文首次揭示了两者绝对以及每年和特定的反应堆成本及其随着时间的变化。其最重要的发现是，即使是最成功的核放大，其特征也在于实时建造成本的大幅上升。相反，尽管由于基本负荷核电站提供四分之三的电力系统中需要进行负荷调节而导致负荷系数降低，但运营成本却保持了相当低的水平。法国发生的核电案例说明了强大的学习效应假设的危险从而随着时间的推移降低了大规模，复杂的新能源供应技术的成本。新技术的预期学习效果的不确定性可能比通常假定的要大得多，其中还包括“负面学习”的情况，在这种情况下，随着积累的经验，特定成本增加而不是减少。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Energy Policy》 |2010年第9期|P.5174-5188|共15页
  • 作者

    Arnulf Grubler;

  • 作者单位

    International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Schlossplatz 7, A-236I Laxenburg, Austria School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    France; nuclear; reactor costs;

    机译：法国;核;反应堆成本;

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号