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Rejecting renewables: The socio-technical impediments to renewable electricity in the United States

机译：拒绝可再生能源：美国可再生能源的社会技术障碍

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摘要

If renewable power systems deliver such impressive benefits, why do they still provide only 3 percent of national electricity generation in the United States? As an answer, this article demonstrates that the impediments to renewable power are socio-technical, a term that encompasses the technological, social, political, regulatory, and cultural aspects of electricity supply and use. Extensive interviews of public utility commissioners, utility managers, system operators, manufacturers, researchers, business owners, and ordinary consumers reveal that it is these socio-technical barriers that often explain why wind, solar, biomass, geothermal, and hydroelectric power sources are not embraced. Utility operators reject renewable resources because they are trained to think only in terms of big, conventional power plants. Consumers practically ignore renewable power systems because they are not given accurate price signals about electricity consumption. Intentional market distortions (such as subsidies), and unintentional market distortions (such as split incentives) prevent consumers from becoming fully invested in their electricity choices. As a result, newer and cleaner technologies that may offer social and environmental benefits but are not consistent with the dominant paradigm of the electricity industry continue to face comparative rejection.
机译：如果可再生能源系统带来如此可观的收益，为什么它们仍只提供美国全国发电量的3％？作为回答，本文证明了可再生能源的障碍是社会技术的，该术语涵盖了电力供应和使用的技术，社会，政治，法规和文化方面。对公用事业专员，公用事业经理，系统运营商，制造商，研究人员，企业主和普通消费者的广泛采访表明，正是这些社会技术壁垒常常可以解释为什么风能，太阳能，生物质能，地热能和水力发电没有被使用拥抱。公用事业运营商拒绝使用可再生资源，因为他们经过培训只能考虑大型常规发电厂。消费者实际上无视可再生能源系统，因为他们没有获得有关用电量的准确价格信号。有意的市场扭曲（例如补贴）和无意的市场扭曲（例如分裂激励）使消费者无法完全投资于电力选择。结果，可能带来社会和环境利益但与电力行业的主导范式不一致的更新，更清洁的技术继续面临比较排斥。

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  • 来源
    《Energy Policy》 |2009年第11期|4500-4513|共14页
  • 作者

    Benjamin K. Sovacool;

  • 作者单位

    Energy Governance Program. Centre on Asia and Globalisation, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore, Singapore;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    renewable energy; renewable electricity; renewable power;

    机译：再生能源;可再生电力;可再生能源;

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