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Lessons learned from Brazilian natural gas industry reform

机译：巴西天然气行业改革的经验教训

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摘要

Over the past decades many countries have reformed their infrastructure industries. Although these reforms have been broadly similar for the most part, aiming at introducing competition in potentially competitive segments, the contexts in which they have been carried out differ. This is due to the past regulatory experience in each country, the maturity of the industry and/or the number of agents when the reform process started. The Brazilian natural gas reform stands out due to the country's singular conditions. The development of the natural gas industry in Brazil was grounded on stepping up supplies through integration with neighboring nations (particularly Bolivia) and establishing a competitive environment by lowering the barriers hampering the arrival of new investors. However, natural gas is located at the crossroads of two main energy chains: oil and hydroelectricity. This article analyzes the Brazilian natural gas reform, and extracts lessons from this process. The low capillarity of transportation and distribution systems continues to be the main bottleneck of the country's natural gas industry. The challenges of the new legal framework are to encourage investments in networks and guarantee supply, to allow the industry to consolidate and mature, against a backdrop of rapid changes in the world market.
机译：在过去的几十年中，许多国家已经对其基础设施产业进行了改革。尽管这些改革在很大程度上已大体相似，旨在将竞争引入可能具有竞争性的领域，但进行这些改革的背景却有所不同。这是由于每个国家过去的监管经验，改革进程开始时行业的成熟度和/或代理商的数量。由于巴西的特殊条件，巴西的天然气改革脱颖而出。巴西天然气工业的发展基于与邻国（尤其是玻利维亚）的整合来增加供应，并通过降低阻碍新投资者到来的障碍来建立竞争环境。但是，天然气位于两个主要能源链的十字路口：石油和水力发电。本文分析了巴西的天然气改革，并从这一过程中汲取了教训。运输和分配系统的低毛细作用仍然是该国天然气工业的主要瓶颈。新的法律框架面临的挑战是，在世界市场快速变化的背景下，鼓励对网络的投资并保证供应，以使该行业得以巩固和成熟。

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