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首页> 外文期刊>Energy Policy >Allocation of CO_2 emission permits—Economic incentives for emission reductions in developing countries
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Allocation of CO_2 emission permits—Economic incentives for emission reductions in developing countries

机译：CO_2排放许可证的分配-发展中国家减少排放的经济激励措施

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摘要

The economic impacts on developing regions following a global cap and trade system for carbon dioxide are assessed through the use of an energy-economy systems model. Both an equal per capita allocation and a contraction and convergence allocation with convergence of the per capita emissions by 2050 are shown to offer economic incentive for Africa, India and probably also Latin America to accept binding emissions commitments under a 450 ppm carbon dioxide stabilization scenario. The gain for Latin America is mainly a result of increased export revenues from sales of bio-fuels as a result of the climate policy. It is, on the other hand, unlikely that these allocation approaches would offer an economic incentive for China to join the regime because of its high economic growth, present higher per capita emissions than India and Africa, and more costly mitigation options than Latin America. A more stringent allocation for developing countries such as contraction with convergence of the per capita emissions by the end of this century is estimated to generate reduced net gains or increased net losses for the developing regions (though Africa is still expected to gain).
机译：通过使用能源经济系统模型，评估了全球二氧化碳排放上限和交易制度对发展中地区的经济影响。到2050年，均等的人均分配以及人均排放量趋同的收缩和趋同分配都显示出对非洲，印度甚至拉丁美洲的经济激励，它们接受了在450 ppm二氧化碳稳定情景下的约束性排放承诺。拉丁美洲的收益主要是由于气候政策而增加了从生物燃料销售中获得的出口收入。另一方面，由于中国的高经济增长，比印度和非洲高的人均排放量以及比拉丁美洲更昂贵的减排方案，这些分配方式不太可能为中国加入该政权提供经济动力。估计到本世纪末，对发展中国家的分配将更加严格，例如收缩和人均排放量趋同，这将给发展中国家带来减少的净收益或增加的净损失（尽管非洲仍有望增加）。

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