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首页> 外文期刊>Energy Policy >Policy-making under uncertainty: Commentary upon the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme
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Policy-making under uncertainty: Commentary upon the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme

机译：不确定性下的政策制定：欧盟排放权交易计划评论

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The authors undertake a critical assessment of the intellectual foundations supporting the new European Union (EU) Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS, or the Scheme), the cornerstone of polices designed to achieve the targets of the Kyoto Agreement of reducing emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). Despite its considerable scope, the authors found that officially sponsored research and academic efforts in support of ETS were surprisingly limited. Importantly, in advance of implementation, a definitive consensus on both the potential economic impact and the usefulness of the Scheme in reducing the GHG emissions had not been reached. Reviewing the literature, the authors encountered varying and, at times, conflicting viewpoints, officially and in academic research, on the potential economic impact of the Scheme. These included attempts to quantify its benefits and costs, raising concern that this huge and encompassing multi-national policy initiative may have been launched with inadequate intellectual ground-work. According to the authors consistency between the ETS and other EU policies, such as those relating to energy, should have been a key concern, but such aspects have received only minimal attention in both official and academic research. The European Commission has promoted open and competitive markets for gas and power across member states, but the record in achieving such conditions is relatively poor and the authors argue that, as a result, the environmental objectives of the EU Scheme may not be thwarted. In addition, continuing disagreement over the Kyoto Agreement itself—especially with regard to its potential costs and benefits—further frustrates efforts to rigorously justify a policy in support of reducing GHG emissions. The authors argue that, given the scope of the EU Scheme, the paucity of research evidencing that it is likely to succeed in reducing GHG emissions in the form of CO_2 is surprising and should be of concern to those affected by it along with environmental campaigners, many of whom are enthusiastic supporters.
机译：作者对支持新的欧盟排放交易计划（ETS或该计划）的知识基础进行了严格的评估，这是旨在实现《京都议定书》中减少温室气体排放目标的政策的基石。 ）。尽管涉及范围很广，但作者发现，官方资助的支持ETS的研究和学术努力非常有限。重要的是，在实施之前，尚未就该计划的潜在经济影响和该计划在减少温室气体排放方面的作用达成最终共识。在回顾文献时，作者在正式和学术研究中就该计划的潜在经济影响遇到了不同的观点，有时甚至是相互矛盾的观点。这些措施包括量化其收益和成本的尝试，引起人们的关注，即这项庞大而包罗万象的跨国政策倡议可能是由于缺乏足够的知识基础而发起的。作者认为，ETS和其他欧盟政策（例如与能源有关的政策）之间的一致性本来应该是一个主要问题，但是在官方和学术研究中，这些方面仅受到了很少的关注。欧盟委员会促进了成员国之间天然气和电力市场的开放和竞争，但是达到这种条件的记录相对较差，因此作者认为，欧盟计划的环境目标可能不会受到阻碍。此外，关于《京都议定书》本身的持续分歧，尤其是在其潜在成本和收益方面，进一步挫败了为支持减少温室气体排放的严格政策辩护的努力。作者认为，鉴于欧盟计划的范围，很少有研究表明它有可能成功地以CO_2的形式减少温室气体排放，这令人惊讶，应该受到与环境活动家一起受到影响的人们的关注，其中许多人是热情的支持者。

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