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Impacts of photovoltaic distributed generation and energy efficiency measures on the electricity market of three representative Brazilian distribution utilities

机译：光伏分布发电和能效措施对三个代表巴西分销公用事业电力市场的影响

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This paper evaluates the economic (electric power rates and utilities revenues), environmental (GHG emissions), social (job creation) and political (tax collection) impacts of a wider diffusion of photovoltaic distributed generation (PVDG) and energy efficiency (EE) measures on the markets of electric power distribution utilities in Brazil. The impacts are calculated for three substantially different power distribution utilities, which are representative of the types of utilities found in the country. Key indicators were selected to reflect the main interests of the following stakeholders: power distribution utilities, the government (Federal, State and Municipal) and low-voltage consumers. The results show that the most important issues that should be addressed concerning a large diffusion of EE measures are tax collection and tariff rises. The simulations show that tariff rises can be hampered by EE actions targeted to specific locations and specific actions. The most important impact of PVDG diffusion is on tariff rises, considering the current regulatory framework in the country. On the other hand, the net jobs creations of EE measures and, particularly, PVDG are significant and the cost of job creation in relation to fiscal waiver by investment on PVDG is cost-effective. The GHG emissions avoided by the higher levels of PVDG and EE in 2040, simulated in this study, showed to be significant for both EE measures and PVDG. (C) 2019 International Energy Initiative. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
机译：本文评估了经济（电力率和公用事业收入），环境（GHG排放），社会（求职）和政治（税收）对光伏发电（PVDG）和能效（EE）措施的更广泛扩散的影响论巴西的电力分配公用事业市场。对三种基本上不同的配电公用事业计算的影响，这些公用事业是该国发现的公用事业的类型。选择关键指标以反映以下利益攸关方的主要利益：权力分配公用事业，政府（联邦，州和市政）和低压消费者。结果表明，关于大型欧盟措施大幅扩散的最重要问题是税收收集和关税升高。模拟表明，通过针对特定地点和特定行动的EE行动，可以阻碍关税升高。考虑到该国当前的监管框架，PVDG扩散的最重要影响是关税升高。另一方面，EE措施的网络就业机会创作，特别是PVDG是重要的，并且通过对PVDG的投资与财政豁免有关的就业机会的成本是具有成本效益的。在本研究中模拟了2040年较高水平的PVDG和EE避免的温室气体排放表现为EE措施和PVDG的显着性。 （c）2019年国际能源倡议。由elsevier Inc.出版的所有权利保留。

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