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Air traffic management and energy efficiency: the free flight concept

机译：空中交通管理和能源效率：自由飞行的概念

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The insufficient air routes combined with the adverse weather and congestion to air sectors lead to economic, environmental and safety problems to political aviation in Europe. This situation creates negative aspects to airlines and airports, as well. Furthermore, according to recent studies over 40,000 daily flights are predicted for 2020, and therefore the current ATM system will not be able to handle this volume of traffic in an efficient manner. A new promising approach of solving these problems in the future consists of transforming the ATM system from an ‘airport-centered’ to an ‘airplane-centered’ system so it can: (i) increase safety and energy efficiency, (ii) support the free flight concept, (iii) distribute fairly ground-holding and air delays among the flights, (iv) minimize the volume of work of ATCs as an observer, (v) relax the existing distance limits between airplane since the human factor has been annihilated, and therefore, (vi) increase the air sectors’ capacity avoiding congestions and (vii) prioritize the airline preferences. Our attempt will be to develop a mathematical model for a support system for the free flight concept. We divide the problem into two sub-problems (upper and lower level) in order to decrease the computational efforts and the complexity of the air traffic flow management problem and to allow flexibility, supporting in the same time the free flight scenario.
机译：航空路线不足，加上恶劣的天气和航空部门的拥堵，给欧洲的政治航空业带来了经济，环境和安全问题。这种情况也给航空公司和机场带来负面影响。此外，根据最近的研究，到2020年，预计每天将有40,000架次航班，因此当前的ATM系统将无法有效地处理这种流量。未来解决这些问题的一种有前途的新方法包括将ATM系统从“以机场为中心”转换为“以飞机为中心”的系统，这样它可以：（i）提高安全性和能源效率，（ii）支持ATM系统。自由飞行的概念，（iii）在各次飞行之间分配相当的地面控制和空中延误，（iv）最小化空中交通管制员作为观察员的工作量，（v）放宽飞机之间现有的距离限制，因为人为因素已被消除，因此（vi）增加了航空部门的容量，避免了拥堵，并且（vii）优先考虑了航空公司的偏好。我们将尝试为自由飞行概念的支持系统开发数学模型。我们将问题分为两个子问题（上层和下层），以减少空中交通流量管理问题的计算量和复杂性，并允许灵活性，同时支持自由飞行场景。

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