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Assessment of a combination of three heat sources for heat pumps to supply district heating

机译：评估三种热源的组合，以供热泵供应区域供热

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This paper reports a study on how hourly temperature variations of different heat sources influence the seasonal coefficient of performance (SCOP) of heat pumps (HPs) when supplying district heating. The considered heat sources were: groundwater, seawater, air and a combination of the three. The system included HPs, an electric peak load boiler and short-term storage. Linear programming was used to minimize annual electricity consumption of the system. This process also determined the optimum capacities of the HPs using different heat sources. The study was based on data for the area of Copenhagen, Denmark.The results showed that the SCOP of seawater and air HPs, considering heat demand variations, was 11% and 15% lower, respectively, than their arithmetic mean performances. For a combination of heat sources, the optimum proportions of HP capacities were: 63%, 14% and 23% for the groundwater, seawater and air HP, respectively. The SCOP of such system was found to be 3%, 6% and 11% greater than the SCOP of a system using the heat sources individually. The results indicate that a maximum system performance may be achieved for HPs based on a combination of different heat sources. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：本文报告了一项关于不同热源的每小时温度变化如何影响区域供暖时热泵（HP）的季节性性能系数（SCOP）的研究。所考虑的热源为：地下水，海水，空气以及这三者的结合。该系统包括HP，电峰值负荷锅炉和短期存储。线性编程用于最小化系统的年度电力消耗。此过程还确定了使用不同热源的HP的最佳容量。该研究基于丹麦哥本哈根地区的数据，结果表明，考虑到热需求变化，海水和空气高压钠的SCOP分别比其算术平均性能低11％和15％。对于多种热源，HP容量的最佳比例分别为：地下水，海水和空气HP的最佳比例分别为63％，14％和23％。发现该系统的SCOP比单独使用热源的系统的SCOP分别大3％，6％和11％。结果表明，基于不同热源的组合，HP可以获得最大的系统性能。 （C）2019 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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