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Court Rulings Highlight EPA's Mixed Record On 'Cooperative Federalism'

机译：法院裁决强调EPA关于“合作联邦制”的混合记录

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Recent appellate rulings backing EPA air regulations highlight the agency's mixed record on how it satisfies a Clean Air Act "cooperative federalism" goal of balancing its regulatory powers and those given to states, sources say, because although the courts have upheld several air rules, they have not defined exactly how EPA can satisfy the goal. How federal courts view cooperative federalism - a core underlying tenant of the air statute that envisions EPA setting air quality standards and states crafting unique plans to meet those standards - could have significant ramifications for the agency as it crafts key air rules, Clean Air Act attorneys say, including the difficult task before EPA as it drafts rules limiting greenhouse gases (GHG) from existing power plants using section 111 (d) of the air statute. "This will be probably by far the toughest challenge for EPA," says one industry attorney. "It's clear that EPA can require states to come up with plans to reduce carbon emissions from existing sources [under 111(d)]. It's also clear that EPA has authority under the statute to disapprove state plans and then impose its own plans, but there's nothing in the statute about the criteria that EPA is supposed to use in judging whether a plan is satisfactory."
机译：消息人士说，最近支持EPA空气法规的上诉裁决突显了该机构在满足《清洁空气法》“合作联邦制”目标以平衡其监管权力与赋予州权力之间达成平衡的喜忧参半的记录，因为尽管法院坚持了多项空气法规，尚未确切定义EPA如何满足该目标。联邦法院如何看待合作联邦制-这是空气法的核心基本租户，它设想EPA制定空气质量标准，并制定符合这些标准的独特计划-在该机构制定关键的空气规则时，可能会对该机构产生重大影响，《清洁空气法》律师比如说，这包括EPA之前面临的艰巨任务，因为它起草了使用空气法规第111（d）条限制现有发电厂的温室气体（GHG）的规则。一位行业律师说：“这可能是迄今为止EPA面临的最艰巨的挑战。” “很明显，EPA可以要求各州制定减少现有碳排放的计划（根据111（d）项。）显然，根据该法规，EPA有权拒绝批准国家计划，然后实施自己的计划，但是法规中没有关于EPA在判断计划是否令人满意时应该使用的标准。”

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