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首页> 外文期刊>Environment and History >The Elephant in the Room: Histories of Place, Memory and Conflict with Wildlife Along a Southern Indian Forest Fringe
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The Elephant in the Room: Histories of Place, Memory and Conflict with Wildlife Along a Southern Indian Forest Fringe

机译：房间里的大象：印度南部森林边缘的地方，记忆和与野生动物冲突的历史

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This paper traces past and present entanglements between people and elephants along a forest-agriculture fringe in Kerala's Western Ghats. In doing so, it explores the evolution of conservation-linked conflict and its problematic impacts. Over the centuries, the region's elephants have played a dominant role in its mountain landscapes: as antagonists to cultivators; as sources of ivory, labour and revenue to forest traders, local rulers and imperial administrators; and as cultural and religious icons straddling forests and countryside. Environmental protection arrangements in recent years ushered in a new elephant, a charismatic flagship beloved of conservationists, but also a key actor involved in fluctuating tensions along the forest edge. In this study, I explore long-term engagements between people and elephants by interrogating three critical phases in history, each incorporating a changing identity for the place in question: as a bountiful, ivory-rich forest at the turn of the Christian Era; as a site of capitalist production during the colonial period; and eventually as a contested conservation landscape. I show that these identities are predicated as much by extra-local processes such as migration and capitalist enterprises, as by embedded engagements with non-human agency. Contemporary conflict is, therefore, a complex ongoing narrative fuelled by a dynamic interaction between the persistence of human and animal memories as well as by multi-scale socio-political catalysts with long histories of influence. By ignoring historical contingencies and diverse discourses, contemporary conservation interventions may overlook the proverbial and sometimes literal elephant in the room.
机译：本文沿着喀拉拉邦西高止山脉的森林农业边缘追溯了人类和大象之间的过去和现在的纠缠。在此过程中，它探讨了与保护相关的冲突的演变及其有问题的影响。几个世纪以来，该地区的大象在其高山景观中起着主要作用：作为耕种者的对抗者；作为象牙，劳力和收入的来源，供森林商人，地方统治者和帝国管理人员使用；以及文化和宗教偶像遍布森林和乡村。近年来的环境保护安排迎来了一只新象，这是保护主义者所钟爱的具有超凡魅力的旗舰，也是参与改变森林边缘紧张局势的关键人物。在这项研究中，我通过询问历史的三个关键阶段来探索人与大象之间的长期交往，每个阶段都包含了有关该场所不断变化的特征：在基督教时代之初，这是一个丰富的象牙丰富的森林；作为殖民时期资本主义生产的场所；最终成为有争议的保护景观。我表明，这些身份在很大程度上是由移民和资本主义企业之类的本地化过程所决定的，以及与非人类机构的嵌入式活动所依据的。因此，当代冲突是一个复杂的，持续不断的叙事，其源于人类和动物记忆的持久性之间的动态互动，以及具有悠久影响历史的多尺度社会政治催化剂。通过忽略历史偶然性和多样的话语，当代的保护性干预措施可能会忽略房间里那头谚语，有时甚至是文字上的大象。

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