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Transportation ecoefficiency: quantitative measurement of urban transportation systems with readily available data

机译：交通效率：利用现有数据对城市交通系统进行定量测量

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摘要

In this study, the concept of transportation ecoefficiency (TE) is described, and it is argued that this concept offers coherence to theoretical discussions of the environmental impact of transportation. A TE measure using readily available data is proposed, with four components: (1) percentage of commuters driving to work; (2) percentage of commuters taking public transit; (3) percentage of commuters walking or riding a bicycle; and (4) population density. A confirmatory factor analysis suggests that these components are useful for measuring TE and consistent in their relationships over time. This TE index is used to analyze TE in metropolitan areas in the United States (1980-2008) and in the United Kingdom (1981-2001): TE is decreasing in both countries despite very different starting points, with worrisome implications for climate change and other transportation-related environmental impacts. The paper concludes with a discussion of some uses for the TE metric in empirical research and planning practice, and how the concept could enhance the literature on transportation and the environment.
机译：在这项研究中，描述了运输生态效率（TE）的概念，并认为该概念为运输环境影响的理论讨论提供了连贯性。提出了使用现有数据的TE度量，其中包括四个部分：（1）通勤者开车上班的百分比； （2）乘坐公共交通工具的通勤者比例； （3）步行或骑自行车的通勤者比例； （4）人口密度。验证性因素分析表明，这些成分可用于测量TE并在一段时间内保持一致。该TE指数用于分析美国（1980-2008年）和英国（1981-2001年）大都市地区的TE：尽管起点不同，但两个国家的TE都在下降，这对气候变化和气候变化产生了令人担忧的影响。其他与运输有关的环境影响。本文最后讨论了TE度量在实证研究和规划实践中的一些用途，以及该概念如何增强运输和环境方面的文献。

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