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'Stars' and the connectivity of cultural industry world cities: an empirical social network analysis of human capital mobility and its implications for economic development

机译：“明星”与文化产业世界城市的连通性：对人力资本流动性及其对经济发展的影响的实证社会网络分析

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摘要

Many scholars have studied the role of human capital and its social networks in order to understand uneven economic development. The cultural industries have become a focal point in this line of inquiry. In this paper we study the linkages across cultural industry hubs, with particular focus on the role of 'star' human capital networks in the establishment of connectivity and dominance by a few particular cities. To date, no one has used a technique that directly connects individuals across space and empirically follows the social networks of human capital across major economic hubs. We use a unique dataset, Getty Images photographs, and undertake social network analysis to study the social networks and human capital movement within the cultural industries. We collected caption information on over 600000 photographs, 6754 individuals, 12777 industry social events, and 187 locations. We analyzed these photographic data to determine whether empirical social connections could tell us something meaningful about cultural industry human capital mobility and its impact on the places in which it locates. Our results empirically reaffirm preexisting knowledge of cultural hubs, but we go farther by articulating the connectivity between these places and identifying the social relations and human capital that appear to correlate with their competitive advantage.
机译：许多学者研究了人力资本及其社会网络的作用，以了解不均衡的经济发展。文化产业已成为这一调查领域的重点。在本文中，我们研究了文化产业中心之间的联系，特别关注“明星”人力资本网络在一些特定城市建立联系和主导地位方面的作用。迄今为止，还没有人使用一种技术可以将个人跨空间直接连接起来，并在经验上遵循跨主要经济枢纽的人力资本社会网络。我们使用独特的数据集Getty Images照片，并进行社交网络分析，以研究文化产业内的社交网络和人力资本流动。我们收集了超过60万张照片，6754个人，12777个行业社交事件和187个地点的标题信息。我们分析了这些摄影数据，以确定经验性的社会联系是否可以告诉我们有关文化产业人力资本流动及其对所在地的影响的有意义的信息。我们的结果从经验上重申了文化中心的已有知识，但我们通过阐明这些地方之间的联系并确定似乎与它们的竞争优势相关的社会关系和人力资本，走得更远。

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