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首页> 外文期刊>Environment & Behavior >The Role of Methodological Choices in the Effects of Experimental Exposure to Simulated Natural Landscapes on Human Health and Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review
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The Role of Methodological Choices in the Effects of Experimental Exposure to Simulated Natural Landscapes on Human Health and Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review

机译：方法论选择在实验暴露于模拟自然景观对人体健康和认知性能影响的作用：系统审查

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摘要

We review the methods and findings of experiments that have examined the effects of exposure to simulated natural landscapes on human health and cognitive performance. Keyword searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science resulted in the inclusion of 175 experiments in 148 research articles. that were published/in press by December 31, 2018. We report how often landscape features and human factors are controlled for within these experiments, thereby—for the first time—recording specifically what elements of “nature” and the built/social environment are used when testing the benefits of green space and blue space exposure. We also document all the simulation methods that are used (e.g., duration, number of exposures, senses engaged, and devices used). Next, to determine what methodological decisions influence study findings, we compare positive versus mixed/null or negative findings across 14 potential moderators. Only study quality and outcome measure influence findings; experiments without control groups or randomized treatments reported more positive findings than expected. Experiments studying perceived restoration also reported more positive findings than expected—remarkably, 95% of such experiments reported simulated nature was indeed restorative. We discuss the possibility that these findings may indicate publication bias in favor of overreporting the salutory impacts of natural landscapes. We conclude our review with a synthesis of best practices for future research studies.
机译：我们审查了实验的方法和结果，该实验检测了暴露于模拟自然景观对人类健康和认知性能的影响。关键字搜索PubMed，Scopus和Science Web导致175个研究文章中包含175个实验。在2018年12月31日之前出版/印刷机。我们报告了在这些实验中控制了景观特征和人类因素的频率，从而首次录制了特别是“自然”和建造/社会环境的内容在测试绿色空间和蓝色空间曝光的好处时使用。我们还记录使用的所有模拟方法（例如，持续时间，曝光数，感官，所使用的设备）。接下来，为了确定如何影响研究发现的方法决策，我们将阳性与混合/无效或负面调查结果进行比较。只有研究质量和结果测量影响结果;没有对照组或随机治疗的实验报告了比预期更多的阳性结果。研究感知恢复的实验还报告了比预期的更具阳性结果 - 显着，95％的这样的实验报告了模拟性质确实是恢复性的。我们讨论了这些发现可能表明出版物偏见的可能性，以支持自然景观的自然景观的淫荡影响。我们在综合对未来研究研究的综合的综合结束我们的审核。

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