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International coordination of environmental policies: is it always worth the effort?

机译:国际环境政策协调:总是值得付出努力吗?

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摘要

We study entry policies as an alternative form of environmental policy. Given the strong political opposition to standard output subsidies and taxes, several countries have recently used entry policies to promote renewable energy technology, such as solar panels and biofuels. We study a two-stage game in which two regulators choose an entry policy (i.e., tax, subsidy or permit) to maximize domestic welfare. Observing the policy, firms decide the region in which to enter and compete as Cournot oligopolists. We find that both domestic (uncoordinated) policies and internationally coordinated policies increase welfare relative to unregulated settings. However, the welfare gains from international policy coordination are only large when the product is extremely clean. These results indicate that the welfare gains of international policy coordination may only offset the costs of negotiation in relatively clean industries.
机译:我们研究进入政策作为环境政策的另一种形式。鉴于政治上强烈反对标准产出补贴和税收,一些国家最近使用准入政策来推广可再生能源技术,例如太阳能电池板和生物燃料。我们研究了一个分为两个阶段的博弈,其中两个监管机构选择进入政策(即税收,补贴或许可)以最大化家庭福利。遵守该政策,公司决定以古诺寡头寡头进入和竞争的地区。我们发现,相对于不受管制的环境,国内(不协调的)政策和国际协调的政策都可以增加福利。但是,只有当产品非常清洁时,国际政策协调所带来的福利收益才大。这些结果表明,国际政策协调的福利收益只能抵消相对清洁行业的谈判成本。

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