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Population and geography do matter for sustainable development

机译：人口和地理为可持续发展而完成

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摘要

We analyze the spatio-temporal dynamics of a simple model of macroeconomic geography in which demography and pollution dynamics mutually affect each other. Pollution, by reducing the carrying capacity of the natural environment - which determines the maximum amount of people a given location can effectively bear - crucially affects labor force dynamics which in turn alter the amount of resources available for abatement activities aiming to reduce pollution. Such mutual links determine the eventual sustainability of the development process in different locations and economies, and spatial interactions further complicate the picture. We show that neglecting the existence of mutual feedback between population and pollution leads to misleading conclusions about the eventual sustainability of a specific location. We also show that even neglecting the existence of spatial externalities can lead to misleading conclusions about the sustainability of different regions in the spatial economy. This suggests thus that both the nature of the population and pollution relationship and geographical factors may play a critical role in the process of sustainable development.
机译：我们分析了一种简单模型的宏观经济地理模型的时空动态，其中人口统计学和污染动态相互影响。通过降低自然环境的承载能力来污染 - 确定给定位置可以有效承担的最大人数 - 至关重要的劳动力动力，这反过来改变了旨在减少污染的减排活动的资源量。这种相互链接决定了不同地点和经济中的开发过程的最终可持续性，并且空间相互作用进一步复杂化了图片。我们表明，忽视人口与污染之间的相互反馈的存在导致关于特定位置的最终可持续性的误导性结论。我们还表明，即使忽视空间外部性的存在也​​会导致空间经济中不同地区的可持续性的误导结论。这表明人口和污染关系的性质和地理因素都可能在可持续发展过程中发挥关键作用。

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