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Assessing The Costs Of Living With Wildlife In Developing Countries Using Willingness To Pay

机译：使用支付意愿评估发展中国家野生生物的生活成本

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摘要

The costs of living with wildlife are assessed using Namibian subsistence farmers' willingness to pay (WTP) for deterrents to attacks on crops and livestock. A utility-theoretic approach jointly estimates household WTP for deterrent programs in two 'currencies': maize and cash. This has a double payoff. Use of a non-cash staple increases respondent comprehension and provides more information about preferences, improving the accuracy of results. The household shadow value of maize is also identified. Significant costs from living with elephants and other types of wildlife are demonstrated. Compensation for farmers may be warranted on equity and efficiency grounds. Uncontrolled domestic cattle generate even higher costs to farmers than wildlife, highlighting the need to clarify property rights among these farmers.
机译：使用纳米比亚自给自足的农民为阻止对农作物和牲畜的攻击的威慑付出的意愿（WTP）来评估野生生物的生活成本。效用理论的方法联合估计了以两种“货币”进行的威慑计划的家庭WTP：玉米和现金。这有双倍的回报。使用非现金钉书钉可以提高受访者的理解力，并提供有关首选项的更多信息，从而提高结果的准确性。还确定了玉米的家庭影子值。证明了与大象和其他类型的野生动植物一起生活的巨大代价。可以基于公平和效率的理由对农民进行赔偿。与牲畜相比，不受控制的家养牛给农民带来的成本甚至更高，这凸显了在这些农民中澄清产权的必要性。

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