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Surviving from garbage: the role of informal waste-pickers in a dynamic model of solid-waste management in developing countries

机译:摆脱垃圾:非正式拾荒者在发展中国家固体垃圾管理动态模型中的作用

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摘要

In developing countries, informal waste-pickers (known as scavengers) play an important role in solid waste management systems, acting in a parallel way to formal waste collection and disposal agents. Scavengers collect, from the streets, dumpsites, or landfills, re-usable and recyclable material that can be reincorporated into the economy's production process. Despite the benefits that they generate to society, waste-pickers are ignored when waste management policies are formulated. The purpose of this paper is to integrate the role of scavengers in a dynamic model of production, consumption, and recovery, and to show that, in an economy producing solid waste, efficiency can be reached using a set of specific and complementary policies: a tax on virgin materials use, a tax on consumption and disposal, and a subsidy to the recovery of material. A numerical simulation is performed to evaluate the impact of these policies on landfill lifetime and natural resource stocks. A discussion on the implementation of these instruments is also included.
机译:在发展中国家,非正式的废物收集器(称为清道夫)在固体废物管理系统中起着重要的作用,与正式的废物收集和处置代理平行。拾荒者从街道,垃圾场或垃圾填埋场收集可再利用和可回收利用的材料,这些材料可重新纳入经济的生产过程中。尽管它们为社会带来了好处,但在制定废物管理政策时却忽略了废物选择者。本文的目的是将清除剂的作用整合到生产,消费和回收的动态模型中,并显示出,在产生固体废物的经济体中,可以使用一系列特定且互补的政策来达到效率:对原始材料使用征税,对消耗和处置征税,以及对材料回收的补贴。进行了数值模拟,以评估这些政策对垃圾填埋场寿命和自然资源存量的影响。还包括有关这些文书执行情况的讨论。

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