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Cost-benefit analysis of cleaning the Ganges: some emerging environment and development issues

机译：清洁恒河的成本效益分析：一些新兴环境和发展问题

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摘要

This paper while attempting to estimate the social benefits of cleaning the Ganges river in India highlights some of the emerging environmental and development issues in the river cleaning programmes. Methods involving the market and non-market valuation of environmental goods are used to estimate the benefits. The benefits estimated include user and non-user benefits, health benefits to the poor households living along the river, and agricultural benefits to farmers among other benefits. However, the benefits from fisheries, one of the important components of benefits from the river cleaning, could not be quantified in this paper. With the benefits that could be quantified, the program of cleaning the Ganges has positive net present social benefits at a 10 per cent social rate of discount and an internal rate of return as high as 15 per cent. Furthermore the estimates of benefits of river cleaning obtained in this paper provide guidance for designing the policy instruments to raise revenue for sustaining the river cleaning processes in India. A number of different mechanisms are considered to raise the resources for sustaining the cleaning of Ganges. They are a polluter-pays principle, a user-pays principle (with government involvement), a user-pays principle (without government involvement), and funding from the general tax system.
机译：本文在尝试评估清洁印度恒河的社会效益时，着重指出了河流清洁计划中一些新出现的环境和发展问题。使用涉及环境商品的市场和非市场估值的方法来估计收益。估计的收益包括使用者收益和非使用者收益，对沿河贫困家庭的健康收益以及对农民的农业收益。但是，渔业收益是河流清洁收益的重要组成部分之一，无法在本文中进行量化。有了可以量化的收益，清洁恒河的方案将产生正的净现社会收益，社会折现率为10％，内部收益率高达15％。此外，本文获得的河道清洁收益估算为设计政策工具提供指导，以增加收入来维持印度的河道清洁过程。考虑了许多不同的机制来增加维持恒河清洁的资源。它们是“污染者付费”原则，“用户付费”原则（由政府参与），“用户付费”原则（无政府参与）以及来自一般税收系统的资金。

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