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An accounting of the external environmental costs of coal in Inner Mongolia using the pollution damage method

机译：使用污染损害法对内蒙古煤炭的外部环境成本进行核算

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摘要

Although coal makes substantial contributions to economic development, it also causes negative impacts on the ecological environment. To assess the real costs associated with the environmental degradation caused by the coal industry, this paper calculates the external environmental costs of coal in Inner Mongolia by applying the pollution damage method to the three phases in the life cycle of coal: production, transportation and utilization. Based on the environmental pollution and ecological damage caused by coal-related pollutants, this paper first establishes an index system for calculating the external costs associated with the coal industry and a research framework. A model to account for the external costs is then constructed on the basis of the index system to fully reflect the external costs associated with the coal industry. The results demonstrate that the total external environmental cost of coal in the region is 87.373 billion yuan. In detail, the environmental costs associated with the production, transportation and utilization of coal are estimated to be 17.845 billion yuan, 27.551 billion yuan and 41.977 billion yuan, respectively. During the production of coal, air pollution and the loss of value of aquatic ecosystems account for large proportions of the environmental cost, namely 21.78% and 42.67%, respectively. During the transport of coal, the external cost to the environment caused by seaway-based transportation is 12.369 billion yuan, which accounts for 44.89% of the total cost of transportation. Finally, during the utilization of coal, coal combustion causes the greatest damage to human health. These health-related losses are valued at 230.82 billion yuan, which accounts for 54.99% of the total utilization cost.
机译：尽管煤炭为经济发展做出了巨大贡献，但它也对生态环境造成了负面影响。为了评估与煤炭行业造成的环境退化相关的实际成本，本文通过将污染损害方法应用于煤炭生命周期的三个阶段（生产，运输和利用），计算出内蒙古煤炭的外部环境成本。 。基于煤炭相关污染物造成的环境污染和生态破坏，本文首先建立了计算煤炭行业外部成本的指标体系和研究框架。然后，在指标体系的基础上构建了一个用于计算外部成本的模型，以完全反映与煤炭行业相关的外部成本。结果表明，该地区煤炭外部环境总成本为873.73亿元。具体来说，与煤炭生产，运输和利用相关的环境成本估计分别为178.45亿元，275.51亿元和419.77亿元。在煤炭生产过程中，空气污染和水生生态系统的价值损失分别占环境成本的很大一部分，分别为21.78％和42.67％。煤炭运输过程中，海上运输对环境的外部成本为123.69亿元，占运输总成本的44.89％。最后，在煤炭的利用过程中，煤炭燃烧对人体健康造成最大的损害。这些与健康有关的损失价值2308.2亿元人民币，占总利用成本的54.99％。

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