...
  • 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Environment international >Integrated health impact assessment of travel behaviour: Model exploration and application to a fuel price increase
【24h】

Integrated health impact assessment of travel behaviour: Model exploration and application to a fuel price increase

机译：旅行行为的综合健康影响评估：模型探索和应用于燃油价格上涨

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Transportation policy measures often aim to change travel behaviour towards more efficient transport. While these policy measures do not necessarily target health, these could have an indirect health effect. We evaluate the health impact of a policy resulting in an increase of car fuel prices by 20% on active travel, outdoor air pollution and risk of road traffic injury. An integrated modelling chain is proposed to evaluate the health impact of this policy measure. An activity-based transport model estimated movements of people, providing whereabouts and travelled kilometres. An emission- and dispersion model provided air quality levels (elemental carbon) and a road safety model provided the number of fatal and non-fatal traffic victims. We used kilometres travelled while walking or cycling to estimate the time in active travel. Differences in health effects between the current and fuel price scenario were expressed in Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY). A 20% fuel price increase leads to an overall gain of 1650 (1010-2330) DALY. Prevented deaths lead to a total of 1450 (890-2040) Years Life Gained (YLG), with better air quality accounting for 530 (180-880) YLG, fewer road traffic injuries for 750 (590-910) YLG and active travel for 170 (120-250) YLG. Concerning morbidity, mostly road safety led to 200 (120-290) fewer Years Lived with Disability (YLD), while air quality improvement only had a minor effect on cardiovascular hospital admissions. Air quality improvement and increased active travel mainly had an impact at older age, while traffic safety mainly affected younger and middle-aged people. This modelling approach illustrates the feasibility of a comprehensive health impact assessment of changes in travel behaviour. Our results suggest that more is needed than a policy rising car fuel prices by 20% to achieve substantial health gains. While the activity-based model gives an answer on what the effect of a proposed policy is, the focus on health may make policy integration more tangible. The model can therefore add to identifying win-win situations for both transport and health.
机译：运输政策措施通常旨在将旅行行为转变为更有效的运输。尽管这些政策措施不一定以健康为目标，但这些措施可能会对健康产生间接影响。我们评估了一项政策对健康的影响，该政策导致汽车燃油价格对出行，户外空气污染和道路交通伤害的风险增加了20％。建议使用集成建模链来评估此政策措施对健康的影响。基于活动的运输模型估计人员的活动，提供行踪和行进公里数。排放和扩散模型提供了空气质量水平（元素碳），道路安全模型提供了致命和非致命交通受害者的数量。我们使用步行或骑车旅行时的公里数来估算主动旅行的时间。当前和燃油价格情景对健康影响的差异以残疾调整生命年（DALY）表示。燃油价格上涨20％可使DALY的总收益提高1650（1010-2330）。预防性死亡导致总共1450（890-2040）年生命（YLG），空气质量改善占530（180-880）YLG，道路交通伤害减少了750（590-910）YLG，主动出行170（120-250）YLG。关于发病率，主要是道路安全导致少了200（120-290）年残障生存年（YLD），而空气质量的改善对心血管疾病住院的影响很小。空气质量的改善和积极出行的增加主要是对老年人的影响，而交通安全主要影响到年轻人和中年人。这种建模方法说明了对旅行行为变化进行全面健康影响评估的可行性。我们的结果表明，要实现可观的健康增长，需要比将汽车燃油价格提高20％的政策更多。虽然基于活动的模型给出了拟议政策的效果的答案，但对健康的关注可能会使政策整合更加切实。因此，该模型可以增加运输和健康方面的双赢局面。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Environment international》 |2013年第1期|45-58|共14页
  • 作者

    Stijn Dhondt; Bruno Kochan; Carolien Beckx; Wouter Lefebvre; Ali Pirdavani; Bart Degraeuwe; Tom Bellemans; Luc Int Panis; Cathy Macharis; Koen Putman;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Medical Sociology and Health Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium;

    Transportation Research Institute, Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 5 bus 6, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium;

    Flemish Institute for Technological Research (WO), Boeretang 200,2400 Mol, Belgium;

    Flemish Institute for Technological Research (WO), Boeretang 200,2400 Mol, Belgium;

    Transportation Research Institute, Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 5 bus 6, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium;

    Flemish Institute for Technological Research (WO), Boeretang 200,2400 Mol, Belgium;

    Transportation Research Institute, Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 5 bus 6, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium;

    Transportation Research Institute, Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 5 bus 6, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium,Flemish Institute for Technological Research (WO), Boeretang 200,2400 Mol, Belgium;

    Department MOSl-Transport and Logistics, Vrije Universiteit Brussei, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium;

    Department of Medical Sociology and Health Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium,Interuniversity Centre for Health Economics Research (I-CHER), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    health impact assessment; travel behaviour; physical activity; activity-based models; road crash; elemental carbon;

    机译：健康影响评估;旅行行为;体力活动;基于活动的模型;道路交通事故;元素碳;

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号