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首页> 外文期刊>Environment international >Multi-elemental EDXRF mapping of polluted soil from former horticultural land
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Multi-elemental EDXRF mapping of polluted soil from former horticultural land

机译：前园艺地污染土壤的多元素EDXRF绘图

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The distribution of major and trace elements was systematically investigated by use of energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF) on a former horticultural soil. The purpose of the study was to combine mapping of soil element concentration levels with multivariate statistics for characterisation of soil metal pollution in relation to previous and present land use. A 1-ha study site was chosen from a former horticulture where a previous preliminary survey indicated increased concentration levels of toxic elements. The soil was sampled from the top 20 cm of the soil surface in a 10 x 10-m grid-like pattern covering the 1-ha study area. In addition, three soil profiles were studied. The elemental composition of the soil samples was investigated by EDXRF while the composition of aqueous soil extracts was determined by total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (TXRF). Based on mapping and multivariate statistically analysis of the data obtained by EDXRF, most elements were found in almost constant concentration levels in the top soil throughout the investigated site. However, the contents of the toxic elements Zn, Cu, As, and Pb were found to vary significantly within the area. Hence, the samples with high accumulations of As also contained relatively high amounts of Zn, Cu, and Pb, which indicates that toxic-element-containing pesticides have been applied to the soil surface in the area of the former green houses at the study site. The Pb/As mass ratio in the soil indicates that PbHAsO_3 was the preferential lead arsenate used for pest management at the investigated site, while Cu as Bordeaux liquid (CuSO_4) and Zn were applied to minimize the leaf damaging effect from the former compounds. Calculations indicated that As annually was applied to the soil in the former greenhouses in doses up to 4 kg As/ha while Pb had been annually applied in doses up to 12 kg Pb/ha. The enrichment of Zn, Cu, As and Pb was greatest in the top 20 cm of the soil and no anthropogenic enrichment of these elements occurred below a depth of 50 cm, indicating that the toxic elements are rather immobile in this soil. The results of this investigation suggest that EDXRF used in combination with multivariate statistics is a strong tool for multi-element mapping of elemental contents, sources and mobility in the terrestrial environment.
机译：通过使用能量色散X射线荧光光谱法（EDXRF）在以前的园艺土壤上系统地研究了主要和微量元素的分布。该研究的目的是将土壤元素浓度水平的测绘与多元统计数据相结合，以表征与先前和当前土地利用相关的土壤金属污染。从以前的园艺中选择了一个占地1公顷的研究地点，该地点先前的初步调查表明有毒元素的浓度增加。从土壤表面的顶部20 cm处以10 x 10-m的网格状采样，覆盖1公顷研究区。此外，还研究了三种土壤剖面。用EDXRF研究土壤样品的元素组成，而用全反射X射线荧光光谱法（TXRF）测定土壤提取物的组成。根据对由EDXRF获得的数据进行映射和多变量统计分析，在整个调查地点的表层土壤中，大多数元素的浓度几乎保持恒定。但是，发现该区域内有毒元素Zn，Cu，As和Pb的含量差异很大。因此，As含量高的样品还含有较高含量的Zn，Cu和Pb，这表明在研究地点以前的温室区域土壤表面已施用了含有毒元素的农药。 。土壤中的Pb / As质量比表明，PbHAsO_3是用于研究地点害虫处理的优先砷酸铅，而使用铜作为波尔多液（CuSO_4）和Zn可以最大限度地减少前者对叶片的伤害。计算表明，在以前的温室中，每年向土壤中施用As的剂量最高为4 kg As / ha，而每年以最高12 kg Pb / ha的剂量施用Pb。 Zn，Cu，As和Pb的富集在土壤的前20 cm处最大，而在50 cm深度以下没有人为地富集这些元素，这表明有毒元素在该土壤中不易移动。这项调查的结果表明，结合多变量统计数据使用的EDXRF是用于在陆地环境中对元素含量，来源和迁移率进行多元素映射的强大工具。

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