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首页> 外文期刊>Environment international >Water balance and nitrate leaching losses under intensive crop production with Ochric Aquic Cambosols in North China Plain
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Water balance and nitrate leaching losses under intensive crop production with Ochric Aquic Cambosols in North China Plain

机译：华北平原O土集约化农作物集约化生产下的水分平衡和硝酸盐淋失

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摘要

A 2-year field experiment was conducted in an Ochric Aquic Cambosols on a 1-ha field with rotation of winter wheat-summer corn located in Fengqiu County in North China Plain from 1 October 1998 to 30 September 2000 to quantify water balance and evaluate soil water loss by deep drainage and nitrate loss by leaching out of the root zone under the current agricultural practices. Considerable deep drainage was found especially in 1999-2000, during which period up to 273.9 mm of water, accounting for 60.6% of total amount of irrigation and 24.7% of total surface input (rainfall + irrigation), was lost by deep drainage. Even in both wheat cropping seasons when total amount of surface input was less than total actual evapotranspiration, 84.0 and 121.3 mm water was lost by drainage in 1999 and 2000, respectively. Soil NO_3~-N was transported to deeper soil layers during the growing seasons and considerable amount of NO_3~-N accumulated at 170 cm soil layer (the bottom of root zone) during the September-October period (the harvest time of summer corn) every year. About 28.6 kg N ha~(-1) was lost by leaching out of the root zone in 1998-1999 and 81.8 kg N ha~(-1) in 1999-2000, accounting for 5.9% and 15.7% of total nitrogen (N) inputs, respectively. The significant deep drainage and nitrate leaching loss were attributed to excessive and inappropriate irrigation and nitrogen (N) fertilization, which may result in severe groundwater pollution if current agricultural managements are not changed.
机译：1998年10月1日至2000年9月30日，在华北平原封丘县冬小麦夏玉米轮作的1公顷田地上，用O色含水藤黄进行了为期2年的田间试验，以定量水平衡并评估土壤在当前的农业实践中，深层排水造成的水分流失和淋溶出根区的硝酸盐流失。特别是在1999-2000年期间，发现了大量的深层排水，在此期间，深层排水损失了多达273.9毫米的水，占灌溉总量的60.6％，占地面总输入量（降雨+灌溉）的24.7％。即使在两个小麦种植季节，当表层土壤的总输入量少于实际的蒸散量时，1999年和2000年的排水也分别损失了84.0和121.3毫米水。在生长季节，土壤NO_3〜-N被输送到更深的土壤层，并且在9月至10月期间（夏玉米的收获时间），在170 cm土层（根区底部）累积了大量的NO_3〜-N。每年。 1998-1999年从根区浸出损失约28.6 kg N ha〜（-1），1999-2000年约81.8 kg N ha〜（-1），分别占总氮的5.9％和15.7％。 ）输入。大量的深层排水和硝酸盐淋失损失归因于过度和不适当的灌溉和氮肥施用，如果不改变当前的农业管理方式，可能会导致严重的地下水污染。

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