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Labor Market Distortions and Welfare-Decreasing International Emissions Trading

机译：劳动力市场扭曲与福利减少国际排放交易

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摘要

Using a multi-region, multi-sector computable general equilibrium model, this paper analyzes the effects of international emissions trading (IET) with a focus on labor market distortions. We construct four separate models with several different labor market specifications: (1) a model without labor market distortions; (2) a model with taxinteraction effects in the labor market; (3) a model with a minimum wage; and (4) a model in which a wage curve determines wages. We use these models to analyze how the effects of IET change according to model specification. The main results from the analysis are as follows. First, we found that IET generates gains for all participants in the model without labor market distortions. Second, even in the models with labor market distortions, importers of emissions permits are highly likely to benefit. Conversely, we show that the possibility of a welfare loss from IET is not as small for exporters of permits. In particular, in the minimum wage and wage curve models, we found that the exporters of emissions permits are likely to be disadvantaged. However, this also depends on the region in question. For example, China is likely to suffer under IET, whereas Russia is likely to benefit. Finally, if we implement policies to alleviate labor market distortion simultaneously with emissions regulation, all regions receive benefit from IET.
机译：本文采用多区域多扇区可计算一般均衡模型分析了国际排放交易（IET）的影响，重点是劳动力市场扭曲。我们构建了四种不同的型号，具有几种不同的劳动力市场规格：（1）没有劳动力市场扭曲的模型; （2）劳动力市场税收互动效应的模型; （3）最低工资的模型; （4）工资曲线确定工资的模型。我们使用这些模型来分析IET的效果根据模型规范。分析的主要结果如下。首先，我们发现IET在没有劳动力市场扭曲的情况下为模型中的所有参与者生成收益。其次，即使在具有劳动力市场扭曲的模型中，进口商的排放允许很可能受益。相反，我们展示IET福利亏损的可能性并不小于许可的出口商。特别是，在最低工资和工资曲线模型中，我们发现排放许可的出口商可能处于不利地位。但是，这也取决于所讨论的地区。例如，中国可能会在IET下受苦，而俄罗斯可能会受益。最后，如果我们实施与排放监管同时缓解劳动力市场扭曲的政策，所有地区都会收到IET的福利。

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