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Emission Standards and Monitoring Strategies in a Hierarchical Setting

机译：分层环境中的排放标准和监测策略

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摘要

In this paper, we consider a hierarchical model of environmental regulation and enforcement to study the standard setting decision made by a national regulator and the monitoring decision made by a local enforcement agency. The problem is interesting due to differences in both available information and objectives at local and national levels. Generally, the national regulator is less informed than the local agency about the characteristics of the polluting agents. This leads to the use of uniform standards and the delegation of the enforcement activity to the local agency. On the one hand, the local agency partially corrects for the inefficiency caused by uniform standards by setting a differentiated inspection strategy. On the other hand, the level of the standard is distorted to partially correct for the inefficiency caused by the divergence between national and local objectives. The interactions between local and national decisions are influenced by the size of the divergence in objectives and the level of environmental damages.
机译：在本文中，我们考虑环境监管和执行的分层模型，以研究国家监管机构制定的标准制定决策和地方执法机构制定的监控决策。由于地方和国家两级可用信息和目标的差异，这个问题很有趣。通常，与地方机构相比，国家监管机构对污染代理的特征了解较少。这导致使用统一的标准，并将执法活动下放给当地机构。一方面，当地机构通过制定差异化检查策略来部分纠正由于统一标准而导致的效率低下。另一方面，该标准的水平被扭曲以部分纠正由于国家和地方目标之间的差异而导致的效率低下。地方和国家决策之间的相互作用受到目标差异的大小和环境破坏程度的影响。

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