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Biogas: Clean Energy Access with Low-Cost Mitigation of Climate Change

机译：沼气：清洁能源的获取以及低成本的气候变化缓解

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Using data from the nearly 6000 households in the Nepal Living Standards Survey of 2010-11 we find that the mean reduction in household firewood collection associated with use of a biogas plant for cooking is about 1100 kg/year from a mean of similar to 2400 kg/year. This estimate is derived comparing only households with and without biogas in the same village, thus effectively removing the influence of many potential confounders. Further controls for important determinants of firewood collection, such as household size, per capita consumption expenditure, cattle ownership, unemployment etc. are used to identify the effect of biogas adoption on firewood collection. We derive bounds on omitted variable bias using the proportional selection assumption. Our central estimate is much smaller than those in the previous literature, but is still large enough for the cost of adopting biogas to be heavily subsidized via carbon offsets at a modest carbon price of $10/tCO(2)e, when using central estimates of emission factors and global warming potentials of pollutants taken from the scientific literature.
机译：使用2010-11年尼泊尔生活水平调查中近6000户家庭的数据，我们发现，与使用沼气厂做饭相关的家庭柴火收集平均减少量约为1100公斤/年，而平均值约为2400公斤/年。此估计是通过比较同一村庄中只有沼气和没有沼气的家庭得出的，从而有效消除了许多潜在混杂因素的影响。对木柴收集重要决定因素的进一步控制，例如家庭人数，人均消费支出，牲畜所有权，失业等，用于确定采用沼气对木柴收集的影响。我们使用比例选择假设得出省略变量偏差的界限。我们的中心估算值比以前的文献要小得多，但仍足够大，以使碳价为$ 10 / tCO（2）e时，通过碳补偿可以大大补贴采用沼气的成本。排放因子和污染物的全球变暖潜能。

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