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Performance of the Ambient Tax: Does the Nature of the Damage Matter?

机译:征收环境税:损害的性质是否重要?

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摘要

The ambient tax is often considered as an efficient instrument to achieve a first best outcome of ambient pollution when the regulator cannot observe individual emissions, or when monitoring costs are prohibitive. While this view is supported to a large extent by experimental findings, there remains several hurdles that hinder the implementation of the ambient tax in the field. One of these hurdles is the nature of the damage. Experimental findings suggest that the efficiency of the ambient tax is higher under external damage, i.e. if ambient pollution affects non-polluters (Spraggon in J Public Econ 84:427-456, 2002) than under internal damage, i.e. if ambient pollution affects polluters themselves (Cochard et al. in Environ Resour Econ 30:393-422, 2005). But this result rests on very different experimental settings. Therefore, we designed a new experiment that allows to compare external and internal damage within a common setting. Our main finding is that the ambient tax is equally efficient under internal and external damage.
机译:当监管机构无法观察到单个排放物或监测成本过高时,环境税通常被认为是实现环境污染第一佳结果的有效手段。虽然这一观点在很大程度上得到了实验结果的支持,但仍然存在一些障碍,阻碍了在实地实施环境税。这些障碍之一是损害的性质。实验结果表明,在外部损害下,即如果环境污染影响非污染者,环境税收的效率要比在内部损害下,即如果环境污染影响污染者自身,则环境税的效率要更高(Spraggon in J Public Econ 84:427-456,2002)。 (Cochard等人,Environ Resour Econ 30:393-422,2005)。但是,此结果取决于非常不同的实验设置。因此,我们设计了一个新的实验,该实验可以比较同一环境下的内部和外部损坏。我们的主要发现是,在内部和外部损害下,环境税同样有效。

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