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The Environmental and Economic Impact of the Carbon Tax in Australia

机译:澳大利亚碳税对环境和经济的影响

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摘要

To fulfil its emission reduction target pledged in the Copenhagen accord, the Australian Government has determined to introduce a carbon tax from July 1st 2012. This paper simulates the effects on the environment and on the economy of a carbon tax of A$23 per tonne of carbon dioxide proposed by the government with, and without, a compensation policy. We employ a computable general equilibrium model with an environmentally extended Social accounting matrix. According to the simulation results, the carbon tax can cut emissions effectively, but will cause a mild economic contraction. Because the price signal is intact, the proposed compensation plan has little impact on emission cuts while significantly mitigating the negative effect of a carbon tax on the economy.
机译:为了实现哥本哈根协议中承诺的减排目标,澳大利亚政府决定从2012年7月1日起征收碳税。本文模拟了每吨碳23澳元的碳税对环境和经济的影响。政府提出的带有或不带有补偿政策的二氧化碳。我们采用具有环境扩展的社会核算矩阵的可计算一般均衡模型。根据模拟结果,碳税可以有效减少排放,但会导致经济温和收缩。由于价格信号是完好无损的,因此拟议的补偿计划对减排量几乎没有影响,同时大大减轻了碳税对经济的负面影响。

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