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Environmental Performance in Socially Fragmented Countries

机译：社会分散国家的环境绩效

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摘要

Social fragmentation is often associated with reduced co-operative behaviour, which undermines public goods provision (such as environmental protection). The few studies linking social fragmentation and environmental performance have been confined to using ethnic fractionalisation as the only measure of social heterogeneity. In this paper, we contribute to the literature in a twofold manner. First, we bring into the analysis alternative measures of social fragmentation (i.e. religious fractionalisation, ethnic/religious polarisation), that have received considerable attention in development economics in recent years. Second, this is the first study to our knowledge that makes use of a large panel dataset of several environmental indicators to explore links between ethnic/religious diversity and the environment. We find that all indices of social fragmentation are negatively linked to measures of environmental quality, although for some of them the size of the effect is larger in the case of polarisation.
机译：社会分裂常常与合作行为减少有关，这破坏了公共物品的提供（例如环境保护）。少数将社会分化与环境绩效联系起来的研究仅限于使用种族分割作为衡量社会异质性的唯一方法。在本文中，我们以双重方式为文献做出了贡献。首先，我们分析社会分裂的替代措施（即宗教分化，种族/宗教分化），这些措施近年来在发展经济学中受到了广泛的关注。其次，这是我们所学的第一项研究，它利用包含多个环境指标的大型面板数据集来探索种族/宗教多样性与环境之间的联系。我们发现，社会分化的所有指标都与环境质量的衡量指标负相关，尽管对于其中一些指标而言，在两极分化的情况下影响的规模更大。

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