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The International Dimension of Climate Change Policy

机译：气候变化政策的国际范围

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摘要

Climate change is a major challenge to international cooperation, as emphasized for instance by the Stern Review and various IPCC reports (Stern 2006; IPCC 2007) but also many others. One of the main problems of achieving cooperation under international climate agreements is free-riding. Countries have an incentive to adopt a non-cooperative behaviour. Emission reduction constitutes a public good. No country can be excluded to benefit from the emission reduction of other countries. Moreover, by not contributing to emission reduction, a country saves on abatement cost. The Kyoto Protocol ran out in 2012, but all efforts to negotiate an effective follow-up protocol have failed up to now. The reason is not that no negotiations would have taken place, but simply that no proposal was yet formally adopted which sets emission ceilings such that greenhouse gas emissions are stopped from further growing. What is required are substantial cut backs on emissions in order to meet the widely accept target of not allowing the average global temperature to increase beyond 2 ℃.
机译：正如《斯特恩评论》和IPCC的各种报告（Stern 2006； IPCC 2007）所强调的那样，气候变化是国际合作的主要挑战，但也有许多其他方面。搭便车是在国际气候协定下实现合作的主要问题之一。各国有采取不合作行为的动机。减少排放构成公共利益。没有任何一个国家可以从其他国家的减排中受益。此外，通过不为减排做出贡献，一个国家可以节省减排成本。 《京都议定书》已于2012年到期，但迄今为止，为谈判有效的后续议定书所做的一切努力均告失败。原因不是没有进行任何谈判，而是仅仅没有正式通过提议设定排放上限以阻止温室气体排放进一步增长的提议。为了达到广泛接受的目标，即不允许全球平均温度升高到2℃以上，需要大幅度削减排放量。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental & Resource Economics》 |2013年第2期|151-160|共10页
  • 作者

    Michael Finus; Christos Kotsogiannis; Steve McCorriston;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Economics, University of Bath, 3 East, Bath BA2 7AY, UK;

    Department of Economics, University of Exeter, Streatham Court, Rennes Drive, Exeter EX4 4PU, UK,CESIfo, Munich, Germany;

    Department of Economics, University of Exeter, Streatham Court, Rennes Drive, Exeter EX4 4PU, UK;

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