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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental & Resource Economics >Accounting for Latent Attitudes in Willingness-to-Pay Studies: The Case of Coastal Water Quality Improvements in Tobago
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Accounting for Latent Attitudes in Willingness-to-Pay Studies: The Case of Coastal Water Quality Improvements in Tobago

机译：支付意愿研究中潜在态度的解释：以多巴哥沿海水质改善为例

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摘要

The study of human behaviour and in particular individual choices is of great interest in the field of environmental economics. Substantial attention has been paid to the way in which preferences vary across individuals, and there is a realisation that such differences are at least in part due to underlying attitudes and convictions. While this has been confirmed in empirical work, the methods typically employed are based on the arguably misguided use of responses to attitudinal questions as direct measures of underlying attitudes. As discussed in other literature, especially in transport research, this potentially leads to measurement error and endogeneity bias, and attitudes should rather be treated as latent variables. In this paper, we illustrate the use of such an Integrated Choice and Latent Variable model in the context of beach visitors' willingness-to-pay for improvements in water quality. We show how a latent attitudinal variable, which we refer to as a pro-intervention attitude, helps explain both the responses from the stated choice exercise as well as answers to various rating questions related to respondent attitudes. The incorporation of the latent variable leads to important gains in model fit and substantially different willingness-to-pay patterns.
机译：人类行为尤其是个人选择的研究在环境经济学领域引起了极大的兴趣。人们已经广泛关注了偏好在个体之间变化的方式，并且人们意识到这种差异至少部分是由于基本的态度和信念。尽管这在经验工作中得到了证实，但通常采用的方法是基于对态度问题的回答作为潜在态度的直接度量而被误导使用的。正如其他文献中所讨论的，尤其是在运输研究中，这可能导致测量误差和内生性偏差，而态度应被视为潜在变量。在本文中，我们说明了这种综合选择和潜在变量模型在海滩游客为改善水质而支付的意愿的背景下的使用。我们展示了潜在的态度变量（我们称为亲干预态度）如何帮助解释既定选择练习的回答以及与受访者态度相关的各种评分问题的答案。潜在变量的并入导致模型拟合的显着提高以及实质上不同的支付意愿模式。

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