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Corruption, illegal trade and compliance with the Montreal Protocol

机译：腐败，非法贸易和遵守《蒙特利尔议定书》

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This paper studies the effects of corruption, rule of law and tariffs on illegal trade in chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) controlled by the Montreal Protocol. Since data on illegal trade is not available, it is not possible to test any theoretical conclusions about smuggling. The paper, however, attempts to circumvent the problem by developing a model of illegal trade in CFCs that derives predictions about the effects of corruption, rule of law and tariffs on both legal and illegal imports of CFCs. Then the theoretical predictions concerning legal imports are tested using panel data on CFC consumption. Using the estimates of legal imports, inferences about illegal trade are made. The basic findings indicate that knowledge about the degree of rule of law, corruption and the level of tariffs is needed for the correct interpretation of the data on environmental performance reported to international monitoring agencies.
机译：本文研究了腐败，法治和关税对《蒙特利尔议定书》所控制的氯氟化碳（CFC）非法贸易的影响。由于没有关于非法贸易的数据，因此无法检验有关走私的任何理论结论。但是，本文试图通过建立氟氯化碳非法贸易模型来规避这一问题，该模型得出有关腐败，法治和关税对合法和非法进口氟氯化碳的影响的预测。然后，使用关于氟氯化碳消费量的面板数据来检验有关合法进口的理论预测。使用合法进口的估算，可以推断出非法贸易。基本调查结果表明，需要正确了解法治程度，腐败程度和关税水平，才能正确解释向国际监测机构报告的环境绩效数据。

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