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A re-emerging Atlantic forest? Urbanization, industrialization and the forest transition in Santa Catarina, southern Brazil

机译:重新崛起的大西洋森林?巴西南部圣卡塔琳娜州的城市化,工业化和森林转型

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摘要

During the second half of the twentieth century, southern Brazil underwent rapid industrialization and urbanization. In earlier historical periods in Europe and North America, these trends have contributed to a forest transition in which deforestation gives way to forestation. In a developing country, like Brazil, with a more skewed income distribution and a larger rural underclass, industrialization and urbanization may not give rise to a forest transition. These competing theoretical expectations were tested with data on forest cover change from the Brazilian censuses of 1970 through 1995/1996 for the state of Santa Catarina in southern Brazil. The analyses show forestation replacing deforestation between 1975 and 1980. An increase in the extent of planted forests close to urban areas explains the turnaround in forest cover trends. Because the planted forests contain relatively few native plant species, the expansion of these forests does not ease the biodiversity crisis. The re-emerging second Atlantic forest represents a smaller, less diverse and degraded version of the first Atlantic forest.
机译:在20世纪下半叶,巴西南部经历了快速的工业化和城市化。在欧洲和北美的较早历史时期,这些趋势促成了森林过渡,在森林过渡中,砍伐森林取代了造林。在像巴西这样的发展中国家,收入分配更加偏斜,农村的下层阶级更大,工业化和城市化可能不会引起森林过渡。这些相互矛盾的理论期望已通过从1970年巴西人口普查到1995/1996年巴西南部圣卡塔琳娜州森林覆盖率变化的数据进行了检验。分析表明,在1975年至1980年之间,用森林代替了砍伐森林。靠近城市地区的人工林面积的增加解释了森林覆盖率趋势的转变。由于人工林中原生植物种类相对较少,因此这些森林的扩张并不能缓解生物多样性危机。重新出现的第二个大西洋森林代表了第一个大西洋森林的更小,更少多样性和退化的版本。

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