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Changing invaders: trends of gigantism in insular introduced rats

机译：不断变化的入侵者：岛状引入大鼠的巨人趋势

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摘要

The degree and direction of morphological change in invasive species with a long history of introduction are insufficiently known for a larger scale than the archipelago or island group. Here, I analyse data for 105 island populations of Polynesian rats, Rattus exulans, covering the entirety of Oceania and Wallacea to test whether body size differs in insular populations and, if so, what biotic and abiotic features are correlated with it. All insular populations of this rat, except one, exhibit body sizes up to twice the size of their mainland conspecifics. Body size of insular populations is positively correlated with latitude, consistent with thermoregulatory predictions based on Bergmann's rule. Body size is negatively correlated with number of co-occurring mammalian species, confirming an ecological hypothesis of the island rule. The largest rats are found in the temperate zone of New Zealand, as well as on mammalian species-poor islands of Polynesia and the Solomon Islands. Carnivory in the form of predation on nesting seabird colonies seems to promote 1.4- to 1.9-fold body size increases.
机译：与群岛或岛屿群相比，具有较大引进历史的入侵物种形态变化的程度和方向尚不为人所知。在这里，我分析了涉及大洋洲和华莱士群岛的波利尼西亚大鼠（105只）的波利尼西亚大鼠岛种群的数据，以测试岛上种群的体型是否存在差异，如果存在差异，则哪些生物和非生物特征与之相关。除一只外，该大鼠的所有小岛种群的体型均高达其大陆同种异体的两倍。岛屿人口的体型与纬度呈正相关，与基于伯格曼法则的体温调节预测一致。体型与同时发生的哺乳动物物种数量负相关，证实了岛屿统治的生态学假设。在新西兰的温带地区以及在哺乳动物物种贫乏的波利尼西亚和所罗门群岛上都发现了最大的老鼠。食肉动物以巢状捕食海鸟殖民地的形式似乎可以使体型增加1.4到1.9倍。

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