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Spatial and temporal characterization of land-use in the Buffalo National River Watershed

机译：布法罗国家河流域的土地利用时空特征

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摘要

Today there is much concern about the potential contamination, overuse and development of scenic rivers in more or less pristine environments. The objective of this work was to quantify the spatial and temporal changes in land-use occurring in a watershed draining a nationally protected river. The Buffalo National River of Arkansas was chosen to serve as an example of how Geographic Information System (GIS) technology can rapidly assess the environmental changes that have occurred within a watershed. GIS was used to develop a spatial database of the watershed and to describe differences in land-use data from five sample years during 1965-92. Over this time span, approximately 40000 ha of forest were lost and converted primarily to pasture. The average rate of loss of forest was 1480 ha/yr. During this same period, the average rate of gain of pasture was 1381 ha/yr. Buffer analyses showed that pasture increased at a higher percentage rate in the buffer zones surrounding the Buffalo River than in the tributaries of the Buffalo River, and a large proportion of the increase was on higher slopes. Land-use changes were dynamic with a greater area converted to pasture than area of pasture converted to forest in the watershed. The cleared forest lands were mostly near older pastures and along streams. The reforested lands tended to occur in the more isolated areas. The Buffalo River Watershed has undergone changes in land-use that may have had impact on the water quality of the region.
机译：如今，人们或多或少在原始环境中对风景秀丽的河流的潜在污染，过度使用和开发倍感担忧。这项工作的目的是量化流失受国家保护的河流的流域中土地利用的时空变化。选择阿肯色州布法罗国家河流域作为示例，说明地理信息系统（GIS）技术如何快速评估流域内发生的环境变化。 GIS用于开发流域的空间数据库，并描述1965-92年五个样本年的土地利用数据的差异。在这段时间内，大约有40000公顷的森林消失，主要转变为牧场。森林的平均丧失速度为每年1480公顷。在同一时期，牧草的平均增产速度为1381公顷/年。缓冲区分析显示，布法罗河周围的缓冲区中的草场以比布法罗河支流中的更高的百分比增加，并且大部分的增加是在较高的斜坡上。土地利用变化是动态的，在流域中转换为牧场的面积大于转换为森林的牧场的面积。砍伐的林地大多位于较老的牧场附近和沿河。植树造林的土地往往发生在更偏远的地区。布法罗河流域的土地利用发生了变化，可能会对该地区的水质产生影响。

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