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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental engineering and management journal >TOXIC COMPOUNDS GENERATED BY METALWORKING FLUIDS AND ALUMINUM SLAG LANDFILL AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT AND PEOPLE
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TOXIC COMPOUNDS GENERATED BY METALWORKING FLUIDS AND ALUMINUM SLAG LANDFILL AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT AND PEOPLE

机译：金属加工液和铝渣填埋产生的有毒化合物及其对环境和人民的影响

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This paper presents an assessment of the toxic compounds released from metalworking fluids (MWFs) used in aluminum solid waste processing and from aluminum slag landfills, and their impact on environmental quality and human health. The mean concentrations of dust, oil mist, aldehydes, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from metalworking fluids were determined in machine shops. The exposure in machine shops was quantitatively dominated by VOCs, whose concentrations varied in the range 0.75 to 3.25 mg/m(3), while the maximum levels of 1.54, 0.583 and 0.208 mg/m(3) was found for dust, oil and aldehydes, respectively. The measurements achieved with aluminum slag showed that, when this waste is deposited in landfills, it becomes hazardous to the environment and people by generating undesirable heat, liquid leachate containing heavy metals, toxic and bad smelling gases such as ammonia, phosphine, hydrogen sulfide or flammable gases such as hydrogen and methane. The methane concentration was about 4 vol.%, whereas hydrogen concentration about 70 vol.%. The concentration of ammonia was about 27 vol.%, whereas phosphine concentrations were less than 1%vol. Hydrogen sulphide was detected only in odour threshold gas, but enough to develop bad odor. Temperature in system after 14 days of investigations reached the value of 63 degrees C. All gases formed within a landfill left it, driven either by differential pressure or by concentration gradients. Gas transport processes also include spontaneous gas exchange over the landfill perimeter. The effects of toxic chemical compounds on environment and people health are discussed.
机译：本文对铝固体废物处理中使用的金属加工液（MWF）和铝渣填埋场中释放的有毒化合物及其对环境质量和人体健康的影响进行了评估。从金属加工液中释放出的灰尘，油雾，醛，挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的平均浓度是在机械车间确定的。机加工车间的暴露量主要由VOC所控制，VOC的浓度范围在0.75至3.25 mg / m（3）之间，而灰尘，油和灰尘的最高含量为1.54、0.583和0.208 mg / m（3）。醛。用铝渣获得的测量结果表明，当这些废物沉积在垃圾填埋场中时，它会产生不希望的热量，含有重金属的液态浸出液，有毒和难闻的气体，例如氨，磷化氢，硫化氢或氢气和甲烷等易燃气体。甲烷浓度为约4体积％，而氢浓度为约70体积％。氨的浓度为约27体积％，而膦的浓度小于1％体积。仅在气味阈值气体中检测到硫化氢，但足以产生难闻的气味。经过14天的调查，系统中的温度达到63摄氏度。由压差或浓度梯度驱动的垃圾场内形成的所有气体均离开了该系统。气体运输过程还包括在填埋场周边进行自发气体交换。讨论了有毒化合物对环境和人类健康的影响。

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