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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental engineering and management journal >AN EXAMPLE OF THE USE OF BIO-INDICATORS FOR AIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT IN AREAS WITH HIGH INDUSTRIAL PRESENCE
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AN EXAMPLE OF THE USE OF BIO-INDICATORS FOR AIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT IN AREAS WITH HIGH INDUSTRIAL PRESENCE

机译：在具有高工业影响力的地区使用生物指标进行空气质量评估的实例

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Air pollution is an increasing critical issue and the focus of innumerable studies and monitoring activities. In addition to automatic monitoring systems typically used to measure fine dust, ozone, nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide, the use of bioaccumulation monitors can also be exploited, especially when monitoring large areas. The advantage of biomarkers is the very low costs involved compared to traditional monitoring systems. Bio-indicator techniques do not measure directly air quality or atmospheric pollution, but rather estimate the changes in reactive components in ecosystems to pollution. So rather than being an alternative method to the traditional measurements, bio-indicators provide detailed information on specific areas thus optimizing the location of the measuring instruments. Epiphytic lichens are the most suitable species for bio-indicator monitoring. A case study of a large area located in northern Italy, characterized by a high concentration of industrial activities in the field of wood and chipboard processing is reported in this paper. An analysis was performed with fruticose epiphytic lichens (Pseudovernia furfuracea) as bio-indicators. These lichens can assimilate and metabolize various substances and, in particular, the heavy metals from the surrounding atmosphere. Several bio-monitoring campaigns were conducted in order to monitor the trend of airborne heavy metals, and data statistically processed, in order to highlight the role and incidence of said industrial activities on the distribution and concentrations pattern of these pollutants. The approach used in the case study included application of biotic indices, statistical analysis, aimed at data interpretation the data, analysis of pollutants dispersion and influence of their background distribution in the investigated area to highlight potential criticalities. As a verification of the bio-indicators results reliability, a survey of fine dust and powder distribution in the area was conducted in the same period and on the same biological detection stations. This test was also positive, confirming the reliability of the study as conducted.
机译：空气污染是一个日益严重的关键问题，也是无数研究和监测活动的重点。除了通常用于测量细粉尘，臭氧，氮氧化物和硫氧化物的自动监视系统之外，还可以利用生物累积监视器，特别是在监视大面积区域时。与传统的监测系统相比，生物标记物的优势在于所涉及的成本非常低。生物指示剂技术不直接测量空气质量或大气污染，而是估算生态系统中反应性组分对污染的变化。因此，生物指示器不是传统测量的替代方法，而是提供有关特定区域的详细信息，从而优化了测量仪器的位置。附生地衣是最适合生物指标监测的物种。本文以意大利北部的一个大区域为例，其特点是木材和刨花板加工领域的工业活动高度集中。以果糖附生地衣（Pseudovernia furfuracea）为生物指标进行了分析。这些地衣可以吸收和代谢各种物质，尤其是周围大气中的重金属。开展了几次生物监测活动，以监测空气中重金属的趋势，并对数据进行统计处理，以强调上述工业活动在这些污染物的分布和浓度模式中的作用和发生率。案例研究中使用的方法包括生物指数的应用，统计分析，旨在对数据进行数据解释，分析污染物散布及其在研究区域内的背景分布的影响，以突出潜在的危险性。为了验证生物指标结果的可靠性，在同一时期和同一生物检测站对该地区的细粉尘和粉末分布进行了调查。该测试也是阳性的，证实了所进行研究的可靠性。

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