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Evaporation from Contaminated, Exposed Earthen Cracks

机译：受污染的裸露土层裂缝蒸发

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Evaporation from exposed, contaminated earthen surfaces is important from an air pollution risk assessment perspective. Earthen cracks are formed in drying exposed earthen solids, such as soils, mudflats, exposed dredged sediment, or sludge. Evaporation of hazardous chemicals from exposed flat surface solids has been reported in literature. This study focuses on evaporation from within the cracks formed in these earthen materials. Evaporation of water vapor and phenanthrene from a simulated crack-like surface was measured using a flux chamber. Evaporation flux was measured as a function of the crack aspect ratio (depth/length) and air velocity. Postexperiment sectioning of the crack surface revealed the vertical profile of drying within the crack. It was generally observed that the flux (based on the actual crack surface area) was higher for wider cracks than that for narrower cracks. Computational fluid dynamics simulations were also carried out to visualize circulation of air within a crack. These studies provided estimates of the vertical extent of convection within a crack. Flux data from all experiments were used to obtain a correlation for the mass transfer coefficient with crack dimensions as a parameter. A simplified chemodynamic model was presented and the model predictions are compared with experimental data.
机译：从空气污染风险评估的角度来看，从暴露的，受污染的土表面蒸发很重要。在干燥暴露的土质固体（例如土壤，泥滩，暴露的疏sediment沉积物或淤泥）时会形成土状裂缝。已有文献报道从暴露的平面固体中蒸发出有害化学物质。这项研究的重点是从这些土质材料中形成的裂纹内部蒸发。使用助焊剂室测量了从模拟的裂纹状表面蒸发的水蒸气和菲。测量蒸发通量作为裂纹长宽比（深度/长度）和空气速度的函数。实验后对裂纹表面的切片显示了裂纹内部干燥的垂直轮廓。通常观察到，较宽的裂纹的通量（基于实际的裂纹表面积）要比较窄的裂纹的通量高。还进行了计算流体动力学模拟，以可视化裂缝内的空气循环。这些研究提供了裂缝内垂直对流程度的估计。来自所有实验的通量数据用于获得以裂纹尺寸为参数的传质系数的相关性。提出了简化的化学动力学模型，并将模型预测与实验数据进行了比较。

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