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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental forensics >Use of Compound-Specific Nitrogen (d~(15)N), Oxygen (d~(18)O), and Bulk Boron (d~(11)B) Isotope Ratios to Identify Sources of Nitrate-Contaminated Waters: A Guideline to Identify Polluters
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Use of Compound-Specific Nitrogen (d~(15)N), Oxygen (d~(18)O), and Bulk Boron (d~(11)B) Isotope Ratios to Identify Sources of Nitrate-Contaminated Waters: A Guideline to Identify Polluters

机译：使用化合物特定的氮（d〜（15）N），氧（d〜（18）O）和散装硼（d〜（11）B）同位素比确定被硝酸盐污染的水的来源：识别污染源

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The use of various isotopes (d~(15)N, d~(18)O & d~(11)B) to identify the sources of nitrate (NO_3~- ) present in natural waters is described. Then a new guideline of how to apply the multi-isotope approach is presented. This guideline is written for policy makers and scientists who are involved in the different steps and processes related to nitrate contaminated waters including monitoring and data interpretation. NO_3~- is a common pollutant in water (both surface and groundwater). In several water bodies over Europe, point measurements identify that the level of this pollutant is higher than the reference value of 50 mgL~(-1), defined by the European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC (European Parliament, 2000). This directive also states that all waters have to reach a "good status" (i.e., good quality) by 2015. This statement implies that EU member states have to take actions to achieve this goal. One of the major obstacles with NO_3~- contamination in water is the identification of the corresponding source(s) of pollution, a prerequisite for properly designing appropriate actions and remediation. Recent studies have proven the added value of analyzing compound specific isotopic signature (CSIA) of nitrate (both nitrogen (d~(15)N), oxygen (d~(18)O) and bulk boron (d~(11)B) isotopic composition) to define the origin/source of NO_3~- in waters. This definition is possible because different sources of nitrate have distinct isotopic signatures. The recent EU-LIFE ISONITRATE project demonstrated the benefit of the multi-isotope approach, while the presented guideline to implement this method is one of the outcomes of this project.
机译：描述了使用各种同位素（d〜（15）N，d〜（18）O和d〜（11）B）来识别天然水中存在的硝酸盐的来源（NO_3-）。然后提出了如何应用多同位素方法的新指南。该指南是为参与与硝酸盐污染的水有关的不同步骤和过程（包括监测和数据解释）的决策者和科学家编写的。 NO_3〜-是水（地表水和地下水）中的常见污染物。在欧洲的几个水域中，点测量表明该污染物的水平高于欧盟（EU）水框架指令2000/60 / EC（欧洲议会）定义的参考值50 mgL〜（-1）。 ，2000）。该指令还规定，到2015年，所有水域必须达到“良好状态”（即质量）。该声明暗示欧盟成员国必须采取行动以实现这一目标。水中NO_3〜-污染的主要障碍之一是确定相应的污染源，这是正确设计适当措施和补救措施的前提。最近的研究证明了分析硝酸盐（氮（d〜（15）N），氧（d〜（18）O）和散装硼（d〜（11）B）的化合物的特定同位素标记（CSIA）的附加价值。同位素组成）来定义水中NO_3〜-的来源/来源。该定义是可能的，因为硝酸盐的不同来源具有不同的同位素特征。最近的EU-LIFE ISONITRATE项目证明了多同位素方法的好处，而提出的实施该方法的指南是该项目的成果之一。

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