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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental earth sciences >The soil water dynamics and hydraulic processes of crops with plastic film mulching in terraced dryland fields on the Loess Plateau
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The soil water dynamics and hydraulic processes of crops with plastic film mulching in terraced dryland fields on the Loess Plateau

机译：黄土高原梯田旱地农田地膜覆盖作物的土壤水分动态和水力过程

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摘要

The soil water supply is the main limiting factor for dryland crop production on the Loess Plateau in China. Local farmers have been looking for tactics to interfere with natural hydrologic processes and to conserve soil water in dry seasons. Recently, plastic film mulching has been widely used by local farms. Moreover, mulching no longer occurs before planting, instead, it is done earlier, and thus crop yields increase. Therefore, soil water hydrologic processes for fields mulched entirely with plastic film mulch require better understanding. Field experiments were conducted from October 2009 to September 2010, 2011, and 2013 to evaluate the soil water dynamics and hydrologic process in winter wheat, maize, and potato fields with plastic film mulching. The soil moisture for depths of 0-100 cm in 2010-2011 and 0-200 cm in 2013 was measured at every 20-cm depth interval during the growth period from sowing to harvesting in all of the treatments. The results showed that the soil water distribution of a plastic film-mulched field is significantly different from that of an unmulched field. The soil water of the mulched field presented an obvious inverted S-trend at depths of 0-60 cm during the growth season. During the dry season (winter and spring), under conditions of high surface evaporation and no effective rainfall, changes in the boundary conditions of the vapor migration hydrologic process between the soil and atmosphere by the mulched treatments led to an obvious increase in the soil water with wheat increasing by 3.45 (cm(3)/cm(3)) at depths of 0-20 cm and maize and potato increasing by 0.04-6.04 (cm(3)/cm(3)) at depths of 0-80 cm. This condition increased the available water to guarantee the crops' water demand at the dry seedling stage for maize and the revival stage for wheat against the threat of seasonal drought and ensured a higher crop yield.
机译：土壤水供应是中国黄土高原旱地作物生产的主要限制因素。当地农民一直在寻找策略来干扰自然水文过程并在干旱季节保护土壤水。最近，塑料薄膜覆盖已被当地农场广泛使用。而且，覆盖在种植之前不再发生，而是更早进行，因此农作物产量增加。因此，对于完全用塑料膜覆盖的田地的土壤水文水文过程需要更好地了解。 2009年10月至2010年9月，2011年和2013年进行了田间试验，以塑料膜覆盖的方式评估冬小麦，玉米和马铃薯田的土壤水分动力学和水文过程。在所有处理中，从播种到收获的整个生长期，每20厘米深度间隔测量一次2010-2011年0-100厘米深度和2013年0-200厘米深度的土壤水分。结果表明，塑料膜覆盖田的土壤水分分布与非覆盖田明显不同。在生长季节，覆盖地土壤水在0-60 cm深度处呈现明显的倒S趋势。在干旱季节（冬季和春季），在地表蒸发较高且没有有效降雨的条件下，通过覆盖处理后土壤与大气之间的蒸汽迁移水文过程边界条件的变化导致土壤水分明显增加。小麦在0-20厘米深度处增加3.45（cm（3）/ cm（3）），玉米和马铃薯在0-80厘米深度处增加0.04-6.04（cm（3）/ cm（3）） 。这种条件增加了可用水量，以保证玉米在干旱的苗期和复兴期的作物对水的需求，以抵抗季节性干旱的威胁，并确保了更高的作物产量。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental earth sciences》 |2016年第9期|809.1-809.16|共16页
  • 作者

    Liu Xiuhua; He Baolin; Yi Xiu; Zhang Ligong; Han Fangfang;

  • 作者单位

    Changan Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, 126 Nanduan Yanta Rd, Xian 710054, Peoples R China|Minist Educ, Key Lab Subsurface Hydrol & Ecol Effect Arid Reg, Xian 710054, Peoples R China;

    Gansu Acad Agr Sci, Lanzhou 730070, Peoples R China;

    Changan Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, 126 Nanduan Yanta Rd, Xian 710054, Peoples R China;

    Agr Technol Promot Ctr Zhuanglang Cty Gansu Prov, Zhuanglang 744699, Peoples R China;

    Dongguan Water Conservancy Survey & Design Inst C, Dongguan 523115, Peoples R China;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Soil water dynamics hydrologic process; Plastic film mulching; Soil vapor movement; Loess Plateau;

    机译：土壤水分动力学水文过程;地膜覆盖;土壤蒸气运动;黄土高原;土壤水分;

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