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The influence of water conveyances on restoration of vegetation to the lower reaches of Tarim River

机译：输水对塔里木河下游植被恢复的影响

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摘要

Because of long-term stream-flow cut off in the lower reaches of Tarim River, environmental degradation has become the most severe and widespread environmental problem in Tarim River basin. Nine ecological water conveyances to the lower reaches of Tarim River made ecological environment change a lot. 3S technology was used to monitor dynamic change of ecology. However, remote sensing area index cannot analyze ecological restoration degree of Tarim River precisely because the time of each water conveyance is short, the change of vegetation area is not obvious, and there exists visual interpretation error. In this paper, remote monitoring datum of high temporal resolution and high spatial resolution were used to research the relationships between normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the groundwater depth, between NDVI and the surface vegetation coverage, and between the groundwater depth and the surface vegetation coverage. The growth and restoration of the vegetation in different periods were evaluated by investigative analysis of the change trend of NDVI. The conception of relative restoration degree was proposed and the response of vegetation restoration to the water conveyance was evaluated. The evaluation result suggests that: first, the response of vegetation to the water conveyance concentrates within 1,000 m of both riversides, and the range of influence becomes smaller along the lower reaches of Tarim River. Second, influenced by the groundwater recharge, the vegetation coverage shows decreasing trend with the increase of off-river distance. Third, the vegetation coverage shows decreasing trend along the watercourse influenced by thernwater consumption. Finally, in spatial, original scattered meadow of low coverage transforms to high coverage gradually in research region. Vegetation response to the water conveyance expands to both sides with the watercourse being the axis, and expanding scale increases continuously.
机译：由于塔里木河下游长期断流，环境恶化已成为塔里木河流域最严重，最普遍的环境问题。塔里木河下游有9条生态输水管道，生态环境发生了很大变化。 3S技术被用来监测生态的动态变化。但是，由于每次输水时间短，植被面积变化不明显，存在视觉解释误差，遥感面积指数无法准确地分析塔里木河的生态恢复程度。本文利用高分辨率和高空间分辨率的遥感监测资料研究了归一化植被指数（NDVI）与地下水深度，NDVI与地表植被覆盖度以及地下水深度与地表之间的关系。植被覆盖。通过对NDVI变化趋势的调查分析，评价了不同时期植被的生长和恢复。提出了相对恢复度的概念，并评价了植被恢复对水分输送的响应。评价结果表明：首先，植被对输水的响应集中在两条河边的1000 m内，并且影响范围在塔里木河下游逐渐变小。其次，受地下水补给的影响，植被覆盖率随离岸距离的增加而减小。第三，受热水消耗影响，沿河道植被覆盖率呈下降趋势。最后，在空间上，低覆盖度的原始零星草地在研究区域逐渐转变为高覆盖度。植被对水输送的响应以水道为轴向两侧扩展，扩展规模不断增大。

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