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Sustainable mineral resources management: from regional mineral resources exploration to spatial contamination risk assessment of mining

机译：可持续矿产资源管理：从区域矿产资源勘探到采矿的空间污染风险评估

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摘要

Wide-spread environmental contamination associated with historic mining in Europe has triggered social responses to improve related environmental legislation, the environmental assessment and management methods for the mining industry. Mining has some unique features such as natural background contamination associated with mineral deposits, industrial activities and contamination in the three-dimensional subsurface space, problem of long-term remediation after mine closure, problem of secondary contaminated areas around mine sites, land use conflicts and abandoned mines. These problems require special tools to address the complexity of the environmental problems of mining-related contamination. The objective of this paper is to show how regional mineral resources mapping has developed into the spatial contamination risk assessment of mining and how geological knowledge can be transferred to environmental assessment of mines. The paper provides a state-of-the-art review of the spatial mine inventory, hazard, impact and risk assessment and ranking methods developed by national and international efforts in Europe. It is concluded that geological knowledge on mineral resources exploration is essential and should be used for the environmental contamination assessment of mines. Also, sufficient methodological experience, knowledge and documented results are available, but harmonisation of these methods is still required for the efficient spatial environmental assessment of mine contamination.
机译：欧洲与历史悠久的采矿业相关的广泛环境污染引发了社会对改善采矿业相关环境立法，环境评估和管理方法的反应。采矿具有一些独特的功能，例如与矿藏相关的自然背景污染，工业活动和三维地下空间的污染，矿井关闭后的长期修复问题，矿场周围的二次污染区问题，土地使用冲突以及废弃的地雷。这些问题需要专用工具来解决与采矿有关的污染所带来的环境问题的复杂性。本文的目的是展示区域矿产资源图谱如何发展到采矿业的空间污染风险评估中，以及如何将地质知识转移到矿山的环境评估中。本文提供了有关欧洲国家和国际努力开发的空间矿山资源，危害，影响和风险评估以及分级方法的最新技术综述。结论是，有关矿产资源勘探的地质知识至关重要，应将其用于矿山的环境污染评估。同样，有足够的方法学经验，知识和有据可查的结果，但是对于有效的矿山污染空间环境评估，仍然需要统一这些方法。

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