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Spatial pattern and seasonal variation of alkaline precipitation observed in the Gansu Province, NW China

机译：西北地区甘肃省观测到的碱性降水的空间格局和季节变化

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摘要

In contrast to the term acid rain, alkaline precipitation or basic precipitation with pH value7 has been measured in many regions, and is considered to be an indicator of a regional atmospheric environment. Based on an observation network including 14 stations in northwestern China's Gansu Province, the pH values in precipitation were measured during 2011-2015, and the spatial pattern and seasonal variation of precipitation acidity were investigated. In the Gansu Province, the precipitation is alkaline for most events, and precipitation with pH5.6 is very rare. The atmospheric environment of the study region is greatly influenced by the Asian dust sources in which the surface soil is alkaline, and the measured alkaline precipitation is related to the high dust loading. However, in some industrial cities like Jinchang and Lanzhou, the acidity in precipitation is usually stronger than the others. The seasonal variation of precipitation acidity is complex, which is jointly influenced by emission, transport and deposition. For extremely arid Northwest Gansu where deserts are located, the pH value is much high; for semi-arid and semi-humid East Gansu, the seasonal variation is not spatially coherent; for cold Southwest Gansu at high elevations, the precipitation acidity is relatively stable; for South Gansu in a humid climate, the large fluctuation is related to the complex moisture regimes of the monsoons.
机译：与酸雨一词相反，在许多地区已测量到pH值> 7的碱性沉淀或碱性沉淀，被认为是区域大气环境的指示。基于甘肃省西北14个站点的观测网络，对2011-2015年降水的pH值进行了测量，并研究了降水酸度的空间格局和季节变化。在甘肃省，大多数情况下都是碱性沉淀，pH <5.6的沉淀非常罕见。研究区域的大气环境受亚洲表层土壤为碱性的粉尘源的极大影响，而测得的碱性降水与粉尘的高负荷有关。然而，在一些工业城市，如金昌和兰州，降水的酸度通常比其他城市强。降水酸度的季节变化是复杂的，这受排放，运输和沉积共同影响。对于位于沙漠的甘肃西北部极为干旱的地区，pH值非常高。甘肃东部半干旱半湿润的季节变化在空间上不连贯。甘肃西南部高寒地区，降水酸度相对稳定。在气候潮湿的甘肃南部，较大的波动与季风的复杂水分状况有关。

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