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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Geology >Analysis of surface gravity and ground deformation responses of geological CO_2 reservoirs to variations in CO_2 mass and density and reservoir depth and size
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Analysis of surface gravity and ground deformation responses of geological CO_2 reservoirs to variations in CO_2 mass and density and reservoir depth and size

机译：地质CO_2储层的表面重力和地面变形对CO_2质量和密度，储层深度和大小变化的响应分析。

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摘要

The strength and direction of gravity and ground deformation anomaly vectors over normal and tight reservoirs after injection of CO2 depend on the reservoir and CO2 properties. Some of these properties, such as porosity, permeability, and size, define the reservoir type and therefore determine the existence or sign of the anomalies, indirectly. However, some other properties of reservoirs, such as reservoir depth, horizontal extension of CO2 plume, and CO2 mass amount and density, affect the strength of the measurements directly. Gravimetric and geodetic modelling of synthetic CO2 reservoirs can quantify each of the direct effects that represent the expected signals over different geological settings. We present gravity signal as the gravity increase due to CO2 mass attraction, and its combination with the gravity decrease caused by ground uplift. Our results indicate that the reservoir depth and horizontal extension, along with the injected mass, have significant influences on both ground deformation and gravity signals. The results also demonstrate that the horizontal extension of the CO2 distribution decreases the dependency on the depth. In addition, the observed gravity signal over CO2 reservoirs is dominated by the free-air effect from large ground deformation. Finally, the gravity effect over both normal and tight reservoirs and the ground surface deformation over tight reservoirs are highly dependent on the density change of the injected CO2 inside the reservoir as a result of depth dependant changes of pressure and temperature.
机译：注入二氧化碳后，正常和致密油藏的重力，地心引力和地面变形异常矢量取决于油藏和二氧化碳的性质。其中一些属性（例如孔隙度，渗透率和尺寸）定义了储层类型，因此间接确定了异常的存在或迹象。但是，储层的其他一些属性（例如储层深度，CO2羽流的水平延伸以及CO2的数量和密度）直接影响测量的强度。合成CO2储层的重力和大地测量建模可以量化代表在不同地质环境下的预期信号的每种直接影响。我们将重力信号表示为由于CO2质量吸引引起的重力增加，以及重力与地面隆起引起的重力减小的组合。我们的结果表明，储层的深度和水平延伸以及注入的质量对地面变形和重力信号都有重大影响。结果还表明，CO2分布的水平扩展减小了对深度的依赖性。此外，在CO2储层上观测到的重力信号主要由大地面变形产生的自由空气效应所控制。最后，由于压力和温度随深度的变化，正常储层和致密储层的重力效应以及致密储层的地表变形高度依赖于储层内部注入的CO2的密度变化。

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