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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Geology >Assessment of nitrate and heavy metal contamination of groundwater using the heavy metal pollution index: case study of Linares, Mexico
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Assessment of nitrate and heavy metal contamination of groundwater using the heavy metal pollution index: case study of Linares, Mexico

机译：使用重金属污染指数评估地下水的硝酸盐和重金属污染 - 墨西哥绞装箱案例研究

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Groundwater contamination is a significant problem in Mexico and around the world. It can be influenced by both natural and anthropogenic factors. In Linares, Mexico, we identified several wells used to cover the water demand for different human activities with nearby potential sources of contamination, including urban, agricultural, and livestock activities, electrical and electronic waste disposal, and fuel storage tanks. We then explored groundwater contamination herein as a result of anthropogenic activities as well as the hydrodynamics of the porous and fractured aquifers in the region based on physiochemical analyses of water samples and the heavy metal pollution index (HPI). The fractured aquifer is composed of shales with a thickness of 70-400 m, while the porous aquifer is composed mainly of gravels, sands, silt, and moderately cemented clays with a thickness of 5 m. The groundwater level is on average 20 m deep, and the flow direction is west to east. The identified water facies are mainly Ca-HCO(3)type, originating from the dissolution of diverse carbonated materials in the area. It was also possible to identify the mixing of groundwater and water influenced by various agricultural and livestock activities, including the use of pesticides and fertilizers and the direct deposition of cattle excreta. The average nitrate concentration of the sampled wells was 80 mg/L, higher than the permissible limit set by the WHO and Mexican standards. The calculated HPI value was 470, well above the critical value of 100, mostly due to the presence of Cd, which is likely associated with the storage of electrical and electronic waste and fuel tanks in the area. These results show that the water wells sampled in Linares, Mexico, without further treatment, are unsuitable for human use. It is important to continue to monitor the contamination of groundwater by heavy metals in different areas of Mexico and to identify potential sources of contamination to create mitigation strategies and ensure the safety and sustainability of water resources in the future.
机译：地下水污染是墨西哥和世界各地的重大问题。它可能受到天然和人为因素的影响。在墨西哥莱纳斯，我们确定了几台井，用于覆盖与附近潜在的污染源不同人类活动的水需求，包括城市，农业和畜牧业，电气和电子废物处理以及燃料储存罐。然后，我们作为人为的活动以及基于水样的生理化学分析和重金属污染指数（HPI）的地区多孔和骨折含水层的多孔和破碎含水层的流体动力学探索了地下水污染。破碎的含水层由厚度为70-400米的Shales组成，而多孔含水层主要由砾石，砂，淤泥和适度粘土的厚度组成，厚度为5米。地下水位平均为20米，流动方向向东。所识别的水面主要是Ca-HCO（3）型，来自该地区各种碳酸材料的溶解。还可以识别受各种农业和牲畜活动影响的地下水和水的混合，包括使用杀虫剂和肥料以及牛排泄物的直接沉积。取样孔的平均硝酸盐浓度为80mg / L，高于由世卫组织和墨西哥标准设定的允许极限。计算的HPI值为470，远高于临界值100，主要是由于CD的存在，这可能与该区域中的电气和电子废物和燃料箱的存储相关联。这些结果表明，墨西哥在墨西哥的Linares中取样的水井不适合人类使用。重要的是在墨西哥不同地区监测重金属的地下水的污染，并确定潜在的污染来源，以创造缓解战略，并确保未来水资源的安全和可持续性。

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