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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental hazards >Can humanitarian responses in urban areas reinforce underlying causes of vulnerability? Tweaking a livelihoods analysis of inequality and infrastructure in splintering cities
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Can humanitarian responses in urban areas reinforce underlying causes of vulnerability? Tweaking a livelihoods analysis of inequality and infrastructure in splintering cities

机译：城市地区的人道主义对策能否加强造成脆弱性的根本原因？调整分裂城市中的不平等和基础设施的生计分析

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摘要

International humanitarian agencies are often mandated to target the most vulnerable. This, combined with short funding cycles, encourages extractive assessments of individualized vulnerability; responses based on delivering individual packages of household assets; and only superficial consideration of power relationships. By analogy with urban infrastructure provision, this paper argues that narrow interpretation of the sustainable livelihoods framework applied to urban analysis gives only limited insights into the systemic risks faced by urban dwellers. Using an analysis of infrastructure that draws on the idea of splintering urbanism, a process by which urban infrastructure tends to privilege some and bypass others, the paper develops a visual framework for considering the interdependence of urban livelihoods, physical infrastructure and the organizing tendencies of powerful service providers. The paper concludes that in the cases where it is not possible to identify the most vulnerable (e.g. in dense, heterogeneous cities) or where it is possible only to identify the most vulnerable but not to deliver asset packages to them (e.g. transitional shelter kits that cannot be received by people without access to a plot), humanitarian activities risk reinforcing the systemic, underlying causes of vulnerability.
机译：国际人道主义机构经常被授权针对最脆弱的人群。结合较短的供资周期，鼓励对个别脆弱性进行提取评估；基于交付个人一揽子家庭资产的响应；只是对权力关系的肤浅考虑。通过类似于城市基础设施的提供，本文认为，对适用于城市分析的可持续生计框架的狭义解释只能使人们对城市居民所面临的系统性风险的见解有限。本文利用对城市基础设施的分裂这一对城市基础设施的分析，即城市基础设施倾向于特权一些而绕过其他过程的过程，建立了一个可视化的框架来考虑城市生计，物质基础设施和强大的组织趋势之间的相互依赖关系。服务供应商。本文的结论是，在无法确定最弱势群体的情况下（例如，在人口稠密，异类城市中），或者仅能够确定最弱势群体而不向其提供资产的情况下（例如，无法获得土地的人无法接受），人道主义活动可能会加剧造成脆弱性的系统性根本原因。

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