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Natural Resource Dependency and Decentralized Conservation Within Kanchenjunga Conservation Area Project, Nepal

机译：尼泊尔Kanchenjunga保护区项目内的自然资源依赖性和分散保护

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摘要

Kanchenjunga Conservation Area Project (KCAP) in Nepal is among the first protected areas in the world to institute a completely decentralized system of conservation and development. Proponents of decentralized conservation claim that it increases management efficiency, enhances the responsiveness to local needs, and promotes greater equity among local residents. This study assessed local equity by evaluating the levels of dependencies on natural resources among households and the factors affecting that dependency. Data were collected via detailed surveys among 205 randomly selected households within the KCAP. Natural resource dependency was evaluated by comparing the ratio of total household income to income derived from access to natural resources. Economic, social, and access-related variables were employed to determine potential significant predictors of dependency. Overall, households were heavily dependent on natural resources for their income, especially households at higher elevations and those with more adult members. The households that received remittances were most able to supplement their income and, therefore, drastically reduced their reliance on the access to natural resources. Socio-economic variables, such as land holdings, education, caste, and ethnicity, failed to predict dependency. Household participation in KCAP-sponsored training programs also failed to affect household dependency; however, fewer than 20% of the households had any form of direct contact with KCAP personnel within the past year. The success of the KCAP as a decentralized conservation program is contingent on project capacity-building via social mobilization, training programs, and participatory inclusion in decision making to help alleviate the dependency on natural resources.
机译：尼泊尔的Kanchenjunga保护区项目（KCAP）是世界上第一个建立完全分散的保护和发展系统的保护区之一。支持分散保护的人声称，它可以提高管理效率，增强对当地需求的响应能力，并促进当地居民之间的更大公平。这项研究通过评估家庭对自然资源的依赖程度以及影响这种依赖的因素来评估地方平等。通过详细调查收集了KCAP内205个随机选择的家庭的数据。通过比较家庭总收入与获得自然资源的收入之比，评估了自然资源的依赖性。经济，社会和与获取有关的变量用于确定潜在的重要依赖预测因子。总体而言，家庭特别是海拔较高的家庭和成年成员较多的家庭，其收入严重依赖自然资源。收到汇款的家庭最有能力补充其收入，因此，大大减少了他们对获得自然资源的依赖。土地所有权，教育程度，种姓和种族等社会经济变量无法预测依赖性。家庭参加由KCAP赞助的培训计划也没有影响家庭依赖性。但是，在过去一年中，只有不到20％的家庭与KCAP人员进行了任何形式的直接联系。 KCAP作为一项权力下放的保护计划的成功取决于通过社会动员，培训计划以及参与性决策参与以减轻对自然资源的依赖的项目能力建设。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Management》 |2012年第2期|p.435-444|共10页
  • 作者

    Pete Parker; Brijesh Thapa;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Tourism, Recreation & Sport Management, Eric Friedheim Tourism Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-8208, USA,McGill School of Environment, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada;

    Department of Tourism, Recreation & Sport Management, Eric Friedheim Tourism Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-8208, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    use patterns; natural resource dependency; kanchenjunga conservation area; households; nepal; decentralized conservation;

    机译：使用模式;自然资源依赖;Kanchenjunga保护区;家庭尼泊尔分散保护;

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