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Minimum Flows And Levels Method Of The St. Johns River Water Management District, Florida, Usa

机译：美国佛罗里达州圣约翰斯河水管理区的最小流量和水位方法

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The St. Johns River Water Management District (SJRWMD) has developed a minimum flows and levels (MFLs) method that has been applied to rivers, lakes, wetlands, and springs. The method is primarily focused on ecological protection to ensure systems meet or exceed minimum eco-hydrologic requirements. MFLs are not calculated from past hydrology. Information from elevation transects is typically used to determine MFLs. Multiple MFLs define a minimum hydrologic regime to ensure that high, intermediate, and low hydrologic conditions are protected. MFLs are often expressed as statistics of long-term hydrology incorporating magnitude (flow and/ or level), duration (days), and return interval (years). Timing and rates of change, the two other critical hydro-logic components, should be sufficiently natural. The method is an event-based, non-equilibrium approach. The method is used in a regulatory water management framework to ensure that surface and groundwater withdrawals do not cause significant harm to the water resources and ecology of the above referenced system types. MFLs are implemented with hydrologic water budget models that simulate long-term system hydrology. The method enables a priori hydrologic assessments that include the cumulative effects of water withdrawals. Additionally, the method can be used to evaluate management options for systems that may be over-allocated or for eco-hydrologic restorationrnprojects. The method can be used outside of the SJRWMD. However, the goals, criteria, and indicators of protection used to establish MFLs are system-dependent. Development of regionally important criteria and indicators of protection may be required prior to use elsewhere.
机译：圣约翰斯河水管理区（SJRWMD）开发了一种最小流量和水位（MFL）方法，该方法已应用于河流，湖泊，湿地和泉水。该方法主要侧重于生态保护，以确保系统达到或超过最低生态水文要求。 MFL不是根据过去的水文学计算得出的。来自高程样条线的信息通常用于确定MFL。多个MFL定义了最低水文制度，以确保保护高，中和低水文状况。 MFL通常表示为长期水文学的统计数据，其中包括强度（流量和/或水平），持续时间（天）和返回间隔（年）。时机和变化率是另外两个重要的水文要素，应该足够自然。该方法是基于事件的非平衡方法。该方法用于监管用水管理框架中，以确保地表水和地下水的抽取不会对上述系统类型的水资源和生态造成重大损害。 MFL通过模拟长期系统水文学的水文水预算模型实施。该方法可以进行先验水文评估，其中包括取水量的累积影响。此外，该方法可用于评估可能过度分配的系统或生态水文修复项目的管理选项。该方法可以在SJRWMD之外使用。但是，用于建立MFL的目标，标准和保护指标取决于系统。在其他地方使用之前，可能需要制定重要的地区性标准和保护指标。

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