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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Management >Toward Integrated Environmental Management for Challenges in Water Environmental Protection of Lake Taihu Basin in China
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Toward Integrated Environmental Management for Challenges in Water Environmental Protection of Lake Taihu Basin in China

机译：走向综合环境管理应对中国太湖流域水环境保护的挑战

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摘要

Lake Taihu is the third largest freshwater lake in China. It serves many social, economic, and ecological purposes in the drainage basin. Unfortunately, the water has been heavily polluted due to rapid industrialization and urbanization during the last two decades. Notwithstandingrngreat efforts made so far to improve the water quality, the environmental situation is still far from being optimistic. The basin and the lake are facing a range of severe environmental challenges: rapid socio-economic development continues to place great pressures on the environment, current pollution control projects have many problems from the viewpoint of effectiveness and efficiency of their implementations, and the non-point sources of pollution such as agricultural fields, for which control is more difficult than for industrial point sources, have become the main contributors to serious eutrophication of the lake. Considering the characteristics of the environmental challenges and problems confronting the basin and the lake, we focus on integrated environmental management (IEM) as a promising and effective approach to overcome these predicaments. Current practices and problems of environmental management in the basin are examined, and potential future developments are discussed, Three aspects of the IEM are emphasized: institutional cooperation, public participation, and internalization of environmental externalities. We think these are the most critical for not only the basin but also for the whole of China to achieve a sustainable society.
机译：太湖是中国第三大淡水湖。它在流域为许多社会，经济和生态目的服务。不幸的是，由于最近二十年来的快速工业化和城市化，水已受到严重污染。尽管迄今为止为改善水质做出了巨大努力，但环境状况仍然远非乐观。流域和湖泊面临着一系列严峻的环境挑战：快速的社会经济发展继续对环境构成巨大压力，从实施的有效性和效率的角度来看，当前的污染控制项目存在许多问题，而且实施过程中不采取任何措施。农业等点污染源比工业点污染更难控制，这些污染已成为湖泊严重富营养化的主要因素。考虑到流域和湖泊面临的环境挑战和问题的特征，我们将重点放在综合环境管理（IEM）上，将其作为克服这些困境的一种有前途的有效方法。研究了流域环境管理的当前实践和问题，并讨论了未来的潜在发展，并强调了IEM的三个方面：机构合作，公众参与和环境外部性的内部化。我们认为，这对于流域乃至整个中国实现可持续发展的社会都是至关重要的。

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